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V930 Cấp Tốc 789 Thi Vào Lớp 10 Môn Văn - Tài liệu tổng hợp

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Cuon sach CAP TOC 789+ THI vAo 10 MON NGii vAN nfun trong bQ sach CAP TOC 789+ duqc bien so;;tn nhfun cung cii'p cho cac em m<;>t bQ till lit\'u tham khiw quan trqng, kip thm dap Ung nhu diu On t~p va ren ]uyt\'n cii'p thiet ella cac em hQC sinh lop 9, chuii'n bi cho ki thi vao 10. Tài liệu được sưu tầm giúp bạn tham khảo, ôn tập và đạt kết quả cao trong kì thi sắp tới. Mời bạn đọc đón xem !

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L<JINOIDAU
Cac em
hQC
sinh than men!
Tuyen
sinh
viw
10
THPT
himg
nam
Ia
m<;>t
ki
thi
rii't
quan
trQng.
Vi~c
M
thong
hoa
kien
thuc
cling
nhu
xac
djnh
cac d:;mg bill
thu(mg
gij.p,
huang
d§n
each
hQC
va
on
luyt\'n
thea
lif
d:;mg bill,
nhfun
h6
trq
hQc
sinh
trong
qua
trlnh
on
t~p
Ia
rii't
din
thiet.
Cuon
sach
CAP TOC
789+
THI
vAo
10
MON
NGii
vAN
nfun
trong
bQ
sach
CAP TOC
789+
duqc
bien
so;;tn
nhfun
cung
cii'p
cho
cac
em
m<;>t
bQ
till lit\'u
tham
khiw
quan
trqng,
kip
thm
dap
Ung
nhu
diu
On
t~p
va
ren
]uyt\'n cii'p
thiet
ella cac
em
hQC
sinh
lop
9, chuii'n
bi
cho
ki
thi
vao
10.
Cii'u true
cua
cuon
sach
baa
gom
3 ph"an
chinh
voi
7
chu
de:
Ph'iin
I:
T6ng
hqp
li
thuye't vit
phuong
pha.p
lam
biti
v6i
3
chu
de
chinh: DQc- hieu
van
btin, Nghi luijn
xii
hf)i
va
Nghi luijn
van
hQc.
NQi
dung
phan
nay
se
huang
dik
cac
em
cac
phuong
phap
lam
bai, chi
ra
nhilng
I6i sai
hay
mil.c
phiti
va
c6 cac bill luyt\'n
t~p
v(\n
d1,1Ilg.
Phan
II:
He
th6ng
kie'n thirc cac h\c
philm
trQng
tam
baa
gom
cac
kien
thuc
trQng til.m
ella cac tac phii'm
Ngfr
van
9,
giup
cac
em
hQC
sinh
on
luyt\'n
nh~
nhang
rna
khong
c"an
ton
thOi
gian
hQc
eel
"nlii"
scich.
Phll.n III: 10 d'e
luyen
t~p
Ia cac
ae
thi
luyt\'n
t~p
bam
sat
chuang
trlnh
hQc
va
cii'u
trUe
ra
de
thi
mon
Ngfr
van
moi
nhii't ella
BQ
Giao
d1,1c
va
Dao
t;;to
kern
thea
huang
di'ln
tra
loi
cil.u
hOi
de
giao vi
en
Va
cac
em
hQC
sinh
tham
khao.
De
su
d1,1ng
hit\'u
qua
nhii't
cuon
sach
nay,
sau
khi
on
xong
m6i
don
vi
kien
thuc
duqc
dua
ra
trong
sach, cac
em
c6
the
t1,1luyt\'n
online
hoan
toan
mi~n
phi
t;;ti
app.onluyen.vn
de
thvc
hilnh.
Cach
tham
gia
lam
bill
t~p
t\}luyt\'n
nhu
sau:
Vi
dw
Link bili
t~p
t\1
luyt\'n ella
bai
Chi em
Thuy
K{eu
Ia:
TAP
TV
LUY~N:
Chi
em
Thuy
Kieu
https://onluyen.app.link/chiernThuyKieu
Cach
1.
D{rng dit\'n tho;;ti
hoij.c
may
tinh
(c6
ket
noi
internet),
truy
c~p
vao
link
hili Iuyt\'n
tuong
Ung
cua
tUng
don
vi
kien
thuc
(vi
dw
https:l/onluyen.app.link/chiemThuyKieu)
va
bil.t
dau
luyt\'n
t~p
online
ngay!
Cach
2.
D{rng dit\'n
tho:;U
(c6
ket
noi
internet), till {mg dt.mg
Onluyen.vn
tren
Coogle
Play
hoij.c
Onluyen
tren
Appstore.
Sau
d6
mo
app
da
tai
len,
dang
nh~p
hoij.c
dang
ki
tili
khoim
de"
su
dvng
tinh
nang
quet
rna
QR
(g6c
tren
ben
phiti
man
hinh),
thvc
hit\'n
quet
rna
QR
tuong
{mg
6
m6i
phan
kien
thuc
de
nh(ln
link
bili
t~p
luyt\'n
online
ngay
tren
dit\'n tho;;ti.
Luu
y,
cdc
em
c'fin
diing
nhqp
hoqc
dang
ki
tid
khoan
tren
app.onluyen.vn
de"du!J"c
luyfn
bed
tqp
miln phi
hdng
ngay
nhe!
Hi
vqng cuon
sachse
Ia tiri
lieu
tham
khlo
hiln
ich cho cic
em
hQC
sinh
cii'p
Tnrng
hQC
phO thong.
Nhom
tacgia
L<JINOIDAU
Cac em
hQC
sinh than men!
Tuyen
sinh
viw
10
THPT
himg
nam
Ia
m<;>t
ki
thi
rii't
quan
trQng.
Vi~c
M
thong
hoa
kien
thuc
cling
nhu
xac
djnh
cac d:;mg bill
thu(mg
gij.p,
huang
d§n
each
hQC
va
on
luyt\'n
thea
lif
d:;mg bill,
nhfun
h6
trq
hQc
sinh
trong
qua
trlnh
on
t~p
Ia
rii't
din
thiet.
Cuon
sach
CAP TOC
789+
THI
vAo
10
MON
NGii
vAN
nfun
trong
bQ
sach
CAP TOC
789+
duqc
bien
so;;tn
nhfun
cung
cii'p
cho
cac
em
m<;>t
bQ
till lit\'u
tham
khiw
quan
trqng,
kip
thm
dap
Ung
nhu
diu
On
t~p
va
ren
]uyt\'n cii'p
thiet
ella cac
em
hQC
sinh
lop
9, chuii'n
bi
cho
ki
thi
vao
10.
Cii'u true
cua
cuon
sach
baa
gom
3 ph"an
chinh
voi
7
chu
de:
Ph'iin
I:
T6ng
hqp
li
thuye't vit
phuong
pha.p
lam
biti
v6i
3
chu
de
chinh: DQc- hieu
van
btin, Nghi luijn
xii
hf)i
va
Nghi luijn
van
hQc.
NQi
dung
phan
nay
se
huang
dik
cac
em
cac
phuong
phap
lam
bai, chi
ra
nhilng
I6i sai
hay
mil.c
phiti
va
c6 cac bill luyt\'n
t~p
v(\n
d1,1Ilg.
Phan
II:
He
th6ng
kie'n thirc cac h\c
philm
trQng
tam
baa
gom
cac
kien
thuc
trQng til.m
ella cac tac phii'm
Ngfr
van
9,
giup
cac
em
hQC
sinh
on
luyt\'n
nh~
nhang
rna
khong
c"an
ton
thOi
gian
hQc
eel
"nlii"
scich.
Phll.n III: 10 d'e
luyen
t~p
Ia cac
ae
thi
luyt\'n
t~p
bam
sat
chuang
trlnh
hQc
va
cii'u
trUe
ra
de
thi
mon
Ngfr
van
moi
nhii't ella
BQ
Giao
d1,1c
va
Dao
t;;to
kern
thea
huang
di'ln
tra
loi
cil.u
hOi
de
giao vi
en
Va
cac
em
hQC
sinh
tham
khao.
De
su
d1,1ng
hit\'u
qua
nhii't
cuon
sach
nay,
sau
khi
on
xong
m6i
don
vi
kien
thuc
duqc
dua
ra
trong
sach, cac
em
c6
the
t1,1luyt\'n
online
hoan
toan
mi~n
phi
t;;ti
app.onluyen.vn
de
thvc
hilnh.
Cach
tham
gia
lam
bill
t~p
t\}luyt\'n
nhu
sau:
Vi
dw
Link bili
t~p
t\1
luyt\'n ella
bai
Chi em
Thuy
K{eu
Ia:
TAP
TV
LUY~N:
Chi
em
Thuy
Kieu
https://onluyen.app.link/chiernThuyKieu
Cach
1.
D{rng dit\'n tho;;ti
hoij.c
may
tinh
(c6
ket
noi
internet),
truy
c~p
vao
link
hili Iuyt\'n
tuong
Ung
cua
tUng
don
vi
kien
thuc
(vi
dw
https:l/onluyen.app.link/chiemThuyKieu)
va
bil.t
dau
luyt\'n
t~p
online
ngay!
Cach
2.
D{rng dit\'n
tho:;U
(c6
ket
noi
internet), till {mg dt.mg
Onluyen.vn
tren
Coogle
Play
hoij.c
Onluyen
tren
Appstore.
Sau
d6
mo
app
da
tai
len,
dang
nh~p
hoij.c
dang
ki
tili
khoim
de"
su
dvng
tinh
nang
quet
rna
QR
(g6c
tren
ben
phiti
man
hinh),
thvc
hit\'n
quet
rna
QR
tuong
{mg
6
m6i
phan
kien
thuc
de
nh(ln
link
bili
t~p
luyt\'n
online
ngay
tren
dit\'n tho;;ti.
Luu
y,
cdc
em
c'fin
diing
nhqp
hoqc
dang
ki
tid
khoan
tren
app.onluyen.vn
de"du!J"c
luyfn
bed
tqp
miln phi
hdng
ngay
nhe!
Hi
vqng cuon
sachse
Ia tiri
lieu
tham
khlo
hiln
ich cho cic
em
hQC
sinh
cii'p
Tnrng
hQC
phO thong.
Nhom
tacgia
Ml)CLl)C
LOr
NO!
DAU
........................................................................................................................................... 3
PHAN
I.
TONG
HQP
Li
THUYET
vA
PHUONG
PHAP
LAM
BAI .............................................. s
Chit
d'e
1.
Dqc
hieu
van
ban
.................................................................................................................... 6
Bid 1.
Gi&i
thi~u
chung
ve
kie'u
bai
doc
hie'u
van
ban
........................................................................... 6
Bai 2.
Nhiing
kie'n thu·c
tr
0
ng
li'im tie'ng
Vi~t
....................................................................................... 13
Chu
d'e
2.
Nghi
lu~n
xa
hi)i... ................................................................................................................. 20
Bid 1.
Gi&i
thi~u
chung
ve
kie'u
bai
nghi
lu~n
xa
hi)i .......................................................................... 20
Bid
2.
Phuang
phap
viet
do9n
van
nghi
Juan xii hi)i ........................................................................... 24
Bid 3.
Cic
d9ng
hili ngh:i
lu~n
xa
h(li .................................................................................................... .30
Chit
d'e
3.
Nghi
lu~n
van
hqc
.................................................................................................................
39
Bili 1. Gi&i
thi~u
chung
ve
kie'u hili
nghi
lu~n
van
hoc
....................................................................... 39
Bai 2.
Ky
nang
vie't
bai
van,
do;;m
van
nghi
lu~n
van
hoc
................................................................. .43
Bai 3.
Nghi
Juan
ve
m(lt
hie
pham
truy~n,
do9n
trich ........................................................................ .47
Bai 4.
Nghj
Juan
ve
m(lt
bili
tho,
do<en
tho
............................................................................................
51
PHAN
u.
H~
THONG KJEN
THuc
cAc
rAe
TRONG TAM ................................................. ss
Chit
d'e
1.
Van
hc;>c
!rung
d'!i ... , ............................................................................................................. 56
Bai 1.
Chuy~n
nguiri
con
gai
Nam
Xuong
............................................................................................ 56
Bai 2.
Hoang
Le
nhat
thong
chi .............................................................................................................. 66
Bili 3.
Chi
em
Thuy
Kieu
......................................................................................................................... 75
Bai 4.
Kieu
6 !'au
Ngung
Bich ................................................................................................................. 83
Chit
d'e
2.
Tho
hi~n
d'!i
Vi~t
Nam
........................................................................................................
89
Biti 1.
Dong
chi .......................................................................................................................................... 89
Bai
2.
Bai
tho
ve
tie'u d(li
xe
khong
kinh
............................................................................................... 96
Bai 3.
Doan
thuyen
danh
ca
..................................................................................................................
101
Bai
4.
Bep
Iua
.......................................................................................................................................... 107
Bili
5.
Anh
trang
..................................................................................................................................... 114
Bai 6.
Mila
xuan
nho
nh6
...................................................................................................................... 119
Bili
7.
Vie'ng
lang
Bac ............................................................................................................................. 126
Bai
8.
Sang
thu
........................................................................................................................................ 132
Bai 9.
N6i
v&i
con
................................................................................................................................... 138
Chu
d'e
3.
Truy~n
hi~n
d'!i
Vi~t
Nam
................................................................................................ 144
Bid 1. Limg ............................................................................................................................................... 144
Bai 2.
L~ng
le Sa
Pa
................................................................................................................................ 151
Bai 3.
Chiec
luge
nga
............................................................................................................................. 159
Bai 4.
Nhi'mg
ngoi
sao
xa
x6i
................................................................................................................ 166
Chit
d'e 4.
Van
nh~t
d\mg
vi
nghi
lu~n
............................................................................................. 174
Bili
1.
Phong
each
Ho
Chi
Minh
........................................................................................................... 174
Bai 2.
Dau
tranh
cho
m(\t
the
gi&i
hoa
blnh
........................................................................................ 177
Bai 3.
Tuyen
bo
the
gi&i
ve
S\f
song
con,
quyen
dtr(l'c
bao
v~
va
phat
trie'n
cua
Ire
ern ............... 181
Bai 4.
Ban
ve
doc
sach
............................................................................................................................ 184
Bili 5.
Tieng
n6i
cua
van
ngh~
............................................................................................................... 186
PRAN
Ill.
10
DE
lUY~N
Ml)CLl)C
LOr
NO!
DAU
........................................................................................................................................... 3
PHAN
I.
TONG
HQP
Li
THUYET
vA
PHUONG
PHAP
LAM
BAI .............................................. s
Chit
d'e
1.
Dqc
hieu
van
ban
.................................................................................................................... 6
Bid 1.
Gi&i
thi~u
chung
ve
kie'u
bai
doc
hie'u
van
ban
........................................................................... 6
Bai 2.
Nhiing
kie'n thu·c
tr
0
ng
li'im tie'ng
Vi~t
....................................................................................... 13
Chu
d'e
2.
Nghi
lu~n
xa
hi)i... ................................................................................................................. 20
Bid 1.
Gi&i
thi~u
chung
ve
kie'u
bai
nghi
lu~n
xa
hi)i .......................................................................... 20
Bid
2.
Phuang
phap
viet
do9n
van
nghi
Juan xii hi)i ........................................................................... 24
Bid 3.
Cic
d9ng
hili ngh:i
lu~n
xa
h(li .................................................................................................... .30
Chit
d'e
3.
Nghi
lu~n
van
hqc
.................................................................................................................
39
Bili 1. Gi&i
thi~u
chung
ve
kie'u hili
nghi
lu~n
van
hoc
....................................................................... 39
Bai 2.
Ky
nang
vie't
bai
van,
do;;m
van
nghi
lu~n
van
hoc
................................................................. .43
Bai 3.
Nghi
Juan
ve
m(lt
hie
pham
truy~n,
do9n
trich ........................................................................ .47
Bai 4.
Nghj
Juan
ve
m(lt
bili
tho,
do<en
tho
............................................................................................
51
PHAN
u.
H~
THONG KJEN
THuc
cAc
rAe
TRONG TAM ................................................. ss
Chit
d'e
1.
Van
hc;>c
!rung
d'!i ... , ............................................................................................................. 56
Bai 1.
Chuy~n
nguiri
con
gai
Nam
Xuong
............................................................................................ 56
Bai 2.
Hoang
Le
nhat
thong
chi .............................................................................................................. 66
Bili 3.
Chi
em
Thuy
Kieu
......................................................................................................................... 75
Bai 4.
Kieu
6 !'au
Ngung
Bich ................................................................................................................. 83
Chit
d'e
2.
Tho
hi~n
d'!i
Vi~t
Nam
........................................................................................................
89
Biti 1.
Dong
chi .......................................................................................................................................... 89
Bai
2.
Bai
tho
ve
tie'u d(li
xe
khong
kinh
............................................................................................... 96
Bai 3.
Doan
thuyen
danh
ca
..................................................................................................................
101
Bai
4.
Bep
Iua
.......................................................................................................................................... 107
Bili
5.
Anh
trang
..................................................................................................................................... 114
Bai 6.
Mila
xuan
nho
nh6
...................................................................................................................... 119
Bili
7.
Vie'ng
lang
Bac ............................................................................................................................. 126
Bai
8.
Sang
thu
........................................................................................................................................ 132
Bai 9.
N6i
v&i
con
................................................................................................................................... 138
Chu
d'e
3.
Truy~n
hi~n
d'!i
Vi~t
Nam
................................................................................................ 144
Bid 1. Limg ............................................................................................................................................... 144
Bai 2.
L~ng
le Sa
Pa
................................................................................................................................ 151
Bai 3.
Chiec
luge
nga
............................................................................................................................. 159
Bai 4.
Nhi'mg
ngoi
sao
xa
x6i
................................................................................................................ 166
Chit
d'e 4.
Van
nh~t
d\mg
vi
nghi
lu~n
............................................................................................. 174
Bili
1.
Phong
each
Ho
Chi
Minh
........................................................................................................... 174
Bai 2.
Dau
tranh
cho
m(\t
the
gi&i
hoa
blnh
........................................................................................ 177
Bai 3.
Tuyen
bo
the
gi&i
ve
S\f
song
con,
quyen
dtr(l'c
bao
v~
va
phat
trie'n
cua
Ire
ern ............... 181
Bai 4.
Ban
ve
doc
sach
............................................................................................................................ 184
Bili 5.
Tieng
n6i
cua
van
ngh~
............................................................................................................... 186
PRAN
Ill.
10
DE
lUY~N
""
PHANL
A.? ,
,.,
'
TONG
HOP
LI THUYET
VA
•
PHUONG
PHAP
LAM BAI
Trang 5
""
PHANL
A.? ,
,.,
'
TONG
HOP
LI THUYET
VA
•
PHUONG
PHAP
LAM BAI
Trang 5
CAP
Toe 789+
THI
vAo
LOP
10
----------
-----
------
---
-------·
CHU
DE 1.
DOC
HIEU
vAN
BAN
BAI 1. GICH
THI~U
CHUNG
VE KIEU
BAIIJQC
HIEU
vAN
BAN
I.
IJ~c
diem
cua
kiitu
bai
IJ<;>c-
hieu
van
ban
-
Trong
diu
true
de
thi
cuoi ki 6 cac
truong
THCS
hay
de
thi
vao
10,
kieu
bai
doc
hieu
viin
bim
duqc
thiet
ke
duoi
d(lllg
1V
lu~n.
!Jay
Ia
ph'an
tkh
hqp
3
phan
mon
Viin h
0
c,
Tieng
Vi~t
va
T~p
lam
van
nen
ph(lrn
vi
kien
thuc
kha
r9ng.
Cac
van
ban
dua
ra
khong
chi g6i
gon
trong
cac
van
bim
6 SGK rna c6
the
n~rn
ngoai
ph(lrn
vi
SGK.
- IJo(lll ngfr
li~u
c6
the
Ia
tho
hoi;ic
van
xuoi, thu(\c
bat
ki lo(li
van
ban
nao,
tU
khoa
h
0
c,
bao
chi,
ngh~
thu~t,
chinh
lu~,
sinh
ho<>t
den
hitnh
chinh
-
cong
vu
nh~rn
kiern
tra
danh
gia
nang
ll:fC
a9c
hieu
cua
hoc
sinh.
IJQ
kho
cua
cac
cau
hoi
trong
kieu
bai
duqc
phan
theo 3
rnuc
d(\: Nhqn
bier,
thong
hie'u,
v{jn
d1:mg.
IJieu
nay
yeu
diu
hoc
sinh
khong
chi niirn
chiic
kien
thuc
da
hoc
rna
con
phai
biet
v~
dung
kien
thuc
va
ky
nang
vao
xu
ly rn(\t
van
ban
cu
the.
- IJe
yeu
diu
h
0
c
sinh
d
0
c
hieu
va
tra
!Oi 3-4
cau
h6i
nho.
Cac
cau
hoi
trong
phan
doc
hieu
thuimg
t~p
trung
vao
cac khfa
C(lnh
Cu
the
sau:
:E
D'"'''"";
-
r~
v=l
---,
ThOng
hie'u
Trang 6
-
Cau
hoi
thuimg
yeu
cau
xac
dinh
di;ic
-
IJO<>n
tho
tren
duqc
viet
theo
i
diem
hinh
thuc
cua
van
ban
nhu
the the
tho
gi?
lo(li,
phuong
thuc
bieu
d(lt,
phong
each - Xac
djnh
phuong
thuc
bieu
d(lt
ngon
ngfr, chi ra cac
bi~n
phap
tu
tu,
chinh
duqc
su
dung
trong
van
xac
djnh
chi tiet chinh, . . .
trong
van
bim.
bim. -
Trong
do(lll trich, tac
gi<i
cho
-
Nh~
biet
cac
thong
tin
duqc
thehi~n,
phan
anh
tn,rc
tiep
trong
van
ban;
dii:in
I d(lt
ho~c
rno
ta
l(li
n9i
dung
cua
van
bim
b~ng
ngon
ngfr
cua
rninh.
-
Cau
hoi
nay
thuimg
yeu
cau
neu
chu
de
ho~c
n(\i
dung
chinh
cua
van
ban;
s~p
xep,
phan
lo(li
duqc
thong
tin
trong
van
ban,
chi ra rnoi lien
h~
gifra cac
thong
tin
trong
van
bim.
r~ng
anh
hung
Ia
nguoi
c6
thai
d(\
nhu
the
nao
truoc
kh6
khan,
nghjch
canh?
(De
tham
khlw
l/"in
1
nam
2020)
-
Em
hieu
nhu
the
nao
ve
n(\i
dung
hai
cau
tho:
TOi
yeu chuy?n
co'
nu&c
toi
Viea
nhan
h{ju
lqi
tuy?t
viii
sdu
xa
(De
vao
10
niim 2021-2022 tinh
An
Giang)
CAP
Toe 789+
THI
vAo
LOP
10
----------
-----
------
---
-------·
CHU
DE 1.
DOC
HIEU
vAN
BAN
BAI 1. GICH
THI~U
CHUNG
VE KIEU
BAIIJQC
HIEU
vAN
BAN
I.
IJ~c
diem
cua
kiitu
bai
IJ<;>c-
hieu
van
ban
-
Trong
diu
true
de
thi
cuoi ki 6 cac
truong
THCS
hay
de
thi
vao
10,
kieu
bai
doc
hieu
viin
bim
duqc
thiet
ke
duoi
d(lllg
1V
lu~n.
!Jay
Ia
ph'an
tkh
hqp
3
phan
mon
Viin h
0
c,
Tieng
Vi~t
va
T~p
lam
van
nen
ph(lrn
vi
kien
thuc
kha
r9ng.
Cac
van
ban
dua
ra
khong
chi g6i
gon
trong
cac
van
bim
6 SGK rna c6
the
n~rn
ngoai
ph(lrn
vi
SGK.
- IJo(lll ngfr
li~u
c6
the
Ia
tho
hoi;ic
van
xuoi, thu(\c
bat
ki lo(li
van
ban
nao,
tU
khoa
h
0
c,
bao
chi,
ngh~
thu~t,
chinh
lu~,
sinh
ho<>t
den
hitnh
chinh
-
cong
vu
nh~rn
kiern
tra
danh
gia
nang
ll:fC
a9c
hieu
cua
hoc
sinh.
IJQ
kho
cua
cac
cau
hoi
trong
kieu
bai
duqc
phan
theo 3
rnuc
d(\: Nhqn
bier,
thong
hie'u,
v{jn
d1:mg.
IJieu
nay
yeu
diu
hoc
sinh
khong
chi niirn
chiic
kien
thuc
da
hoc
rna
con
phai
biet
v~
dung
kien
thuc
va
ky
nang
vao
xu
ly rn(\t
van
ban
cu
the.
- IJe
yeu
diu
h
0
c
sinh
d
0
c
hieu
va
tra
!Oi 3-4
cau
h6i
nho.
Cac
cau
hoi
trong
phan
doc
hieu
thuimg
t~p
trung
vao
cac khfa
C(lnh
Cu
the
sau:
:E
D'"'''"";
-
r~
v=l
---,
ThOng
hie'u
Trang 6
-
Cau
hoi
thuimg
yeu
cau
xac
dinh
di;ic
-
IJO<>n
tho
tren
duqc
viet
theo
i
diem
hinh
thuc
cua
van
ban
nhu
the the
tho
gi?
lo(li,
phuong
thuc
bieu
d(lt,
phong
each - Xac
djnh
phuong
thuc
bieu
d(lt
ngon
ngfr, chi ra cac
bi~n
phap
tu
tu,
chinh
duqc
su
dung
trong
van
xac
djnh
chi tiet chinh, . . .
trong
van
bim.
bim. -
Trong
do(lll trich, tac
gi<i
cho
-
Nh~
biet
cac
thong
tin
duqc
thehi~n,
phan
anh
tn,rc
tiep
trong
van
ban;
dii:in
I d(lt
ho~c
rno
ta
l(li
n9i
dung
cua
van
bim
b~ng
ngon
ngfr
cua
rninh.
-
Cau
hoi
nay
thuimg
yeu
cau
neu
chu
de
ho~c
n(\i
dung
chinh
cua
van
ban;
s~p
xep,
phan
lo(li
duqc
thong
tin
trong
van
ban,
chi ra rnoi lien
h~
gifra cac
thong
tin
trong
van
bim.
r~ng
anh
hung
Ia
nguoi
c6
thai
d(\
nhu
the
nao
truoc
kh6
khan,
nghjch
canh?
(De
tham
khlw
l/"in
1
nam
2020)
-
Em
hieu
nhu
the
nao
ve
n(\i
dung
hai
cau
tho:
TOi
yeu chuy?n
co'
nu&c
toi
Viea
nhan
h{ju
lqi
tuy?t
viii
sdu
xa
(De
vao
10
niim 2021-2022 tinh
An
Giang)
- Giai thich each
hieu
n9i
dung
m9t
khai
ni~m/
nh(in djnh/ cau
van/
cau
tho
... trong van bim.
-
Cam
nh(in
duqc
nhfrng
di).c
sil.c,
noi
b(it cua
van
bim:
tu
ngfr,
hinh
ilnh, chi
tiet
quan
tr9ng,
di).c
sil.c,
...
-
Xac
djnh
va
phan
tich gia tri ella
bi~n
phap
tu
ttr,
tac dt,mg ella
vi~c
su
dvng
ket
hqp
cac
phuang
thuc bieu
d;:tl,
su
dl,tng
tU
ngfr
...
trong
cfm/
doq.n
van
bim.
- Chi
ra
va
neu
hi~u
qua
cua
m9t
bi~n
phap
tu
tU
trong
hai
cau
tho
sau:
Ta
lam
con
chim
h6t
Ta
lam
m9t nhanh
hoa
(De
vao
10
niim
2021-2022 tinh
Ha
Nam)
-
Cau
hoi nay
thu6ng
yeu
diu
viet
m9t
- Thong
di~p
ni10
trong doq.n
do;:tn
van
(khoimg 5 cau) trinh
bay
trich
coy
nghla
nhat
doi
v&i
em?
quan
diem rieng cua
ca
nhan
ve
m9t
VI
sao? Trinh
bay
bkg
m9t
doq.n
van
de
di)t ra trong
van
bim theo
yeu
van
khoimg 5-7 dong.
diu
cua
de
biti. (De
VCIO
10
niim
2021-2022 tinh
Ha
+
Neu
cam xuc,
suy
nghi, thai
d9
va
Nam)
quan
diem
ca
nhan
tru&c
m9t
nh(in - Theo em,
t;:ti
sao "Doi
khi
ta
phdi
v
(in
djnh/
thong
di~p/
van
de
di).t
ra
trong
aung
len
chO'ng
lqi
ajnh
lcien
xii
h9i
van
bim
dQC
hieu.
+ Lien
h~
m6
r9ng
m9t
van
de
nao
do
tU
van
ban
b&ng
suy
nghi, y kien ella
minh.
ae'ai
theo
con
auiYng
cua
minh."
(De
vao
10
niim
2021-2022 tinh Nam
Djnh)
II.
Phuong
phap
lam
d~ng
bili
D<;>c-
hii'u
van
ban
1.
Phuong
phap
chung
Cic
yeu
dl.u
ca
ban
Cach tii'p c(in
B~l
dliu
!.1m
- Khong
nen
dQC
ngay
Van
bim rna
nen
dQC
cac
CaU
hoi
phlin Dqc -
hii'"u
de
djnh
hu6ng
yeu
c'i'iu
tru&c,
sau
d6
m&i
d9c
van
bim
de
tra Ioi.
-
Xac
djnh
so
cil.u
hoi,
so
ve
trong tUng cau hoi,
muc
diem
tUng diu, tUng ve.
Nh(in
dien
diu
hoi -
G;:tch
chan cac
tU
khoa, cac y tr9ng
tam
6
m6i
cau hoi,
xac djnh cau
hoi
thu9c
n9i
dung
kien
thuc
nao,
muc
d9
nao.
Trang 1
- Giai thich each
hieu
n9i
dung
m9t
khai
ni~m/
nh(in djnh/ cau
van/
cau
tho
... trong van bim.
-
Cam
nh(in
duqc
nhfrng
di).c
sil.c,
noi
b(it cua
van
bim:
tu
ngfr,
hinh
ilnh, chi
tiet
quan
tr9ng,
di).c
sil.c,
...
-
Xac
djnh
va
phan
tich gia tri ella
bi~n
phap
tu
ttr,
tac dt,mg ella
vi~c
su
dvng
ket
hqp
cac
phuang
thuc bieu
d;:tl,
su
dl,tng
tU
ngfr
...
trong
cfm/
doq.n
van
bim.
- Chi
ra
va
neu
hi~u
qua
cua
m9t
bi~n
phap
tu
tU
trong
hai
cau
tho
sau:
Ta
lam
con
chim
h6t
Ta
lam
m9t nhanh
hoa
(De
vao
10
niim
2021-2022 tinh
Ha
Nam)
-
Cau
hoi nay
thu6ng
yeu
diu
viet
m9t
- Thong
di~p
ni10
trong doq.n
do;:tn
van
(khoimg 5 cau) trinh
bay
trich
coy
nghla
nhat
doi
v&i
em?
quan
diem rieng cua
ca
nhan
ve
m9t
VI
sao? Trinh
bay
bkg
m9t
doq.n
van
de
di)t ra trong
van
bim theo
yeu
van
khoimg 5-7 dong.
diu
cua
de
biti. (De
VCIO
10
niim
2021-2022 tinh
Ha
+
Neu
cam xuc,
suy
nghi, thai
d9
va
Nam)
quan
diem
ca
nhan
tru&c
m9t
nh(in - Theo em,
t;:ti
sao "Doi
khi
ta
phdi
v
(in
djnh/
thong
di~p/
van
de
di).t
ra
trong
aung
len
chO'ng
lqi
ajnh
lcien
xii
h9i
van
bim
dQC
hieu.
+ Lien
h~
m6
r9ng
m9t
van
de
nao
do
tU
van
ban
b&ng
suy
nghi, y kien ella
minh.
ae'ai
theo
con
auiYng
cua
minh."
(De
vao
10
niim
2021-2022 tinh Nam
Djnh)
II.
Phuong
phap
lam
d~ng
bili
D<;>c-
hii'u
van
ban
1.
Phuong
phap
chung
Cic
yeu
dl.u
ca
ban
Cach tii'p c(in
B~l
dliu
!.1m
- Khong
nen
dQC
ngay
Van
bim rna
nen
dQC
cac
CaU
hoi
phlin Dqc -
hii'"u
de
djnh
hu6ng
yeu
c'i'iu
tru&c,
sau
d6
m&i
d9c
van
bim
de
tra Ioi.
-
Xac
djnh
so
cil.u
hoi,
so
ve
trong tUng cau hoi,
muc
diem
tUng diu, tUng ve.
Nh(in
dien
diu
hoi -
G;:tch
chan cac
tU
khoa, cac y tr9ng
tam
6
m6i
cau hoi,
xac djnh cau
hoi
thu9c
n9i
dung
kien
thuc
nao,
muc
d9
nao.
Trang 1
10
-
Phan
tich
S\f
lien
quan
giua
cac
diu
hoi
vi
nhieu
!<hi
cac
diu
hoi
sau
Ia
gQi
y
phan
nao
de
tra
!Oi
cac
diu
hoi
tru6c
...
- Xac
dinh
van
ban
thu9c
the
lo<,U
tho
hay
van
xuoi.
van
ban
- Xac
dinh
van
ban
dang
n6i
ve
n\ii
dung
gi?
C6
bao
tr!nh
2.
Plmong
a.
Cau
n.hieu
do;;m?
N9i
dung
rung
do;;m Ia gi?
-
Ngiin
g
0
n, chinh xac,
day
d{t,
tranh
Ian
man.
-
Tra Joi
tn,rc
tiep ciiu h6i,
khong
can
di\n diit
long
vong,
chu
y
den
yeu cau ve
d9
dai (thu&ng 6
cau
v~
d1,lllg
thilp).
+ Phiin tich tac dvng:
khong
viet
chung
chung
Ia
"sinh
l&i
d9ng,
gai hinh,
gQi
ta", mit
phai
neu
tac
dvng
n6i
biji.t
clia
bi~n
phap
tu
tu
trong
ngfr canh.
cu
Vi
d7!:
Bi~n
phap
so
sanh
da
lam
n6i
b(it len
ve
d.;p ... , d(ic
diem
...
cuanhan
v(\t,
nhan
mqnhynghia
...
,
t(IO
nen
tinh
hinh
tuang/
tinh
nh(lc, h
0
a
ra
sao
...
-
Trinh
bay khoa hoc,
khong
nen
tay
x6a,
dung
cac
ky
hi~u
thong
nhat
trong
hili.
-
Phiin
b6
th&i
gian
hap
li
de
lam
cac
diu
h6i
ngiin
trong
ph'an nay, khoimg
tu
20 - 25
phut,
danh
thi:ri.
gian
de'
lam
cau
NLXH
va
NL
VH.
cJu
- C/iu
luJi
hm
hiiSt
chun;s
-ut?
tire
gid.
ttic
phiifn:
Neu
ten tac
giit,
neu
bUt danh
(ne'u
cO),
tr\nh
bay
net
chinh
Ve
que
quan,
S\f
nghi~p
van
hoc,
phong
each
sang
tac, ...
CUa
tac gia;
Neu
ten
tac
pham,
nhan
de,
hoan
canh
sang tac, vi tri do(ln trich, thelo(li, ...
cua
tac
pham.
Vi dv:
Do;;m
tho
tren
n~m
trong
tac phil'm nao? Gi6i
thi~u
ngiin
gon
ve tac gia
va
hoim
canh
sang
hie cua tac
pham
ay.
-+
Doi
v6i d(lng cau
h6i
nay,
can
lien
M,
viji.n
dvng
de'n
nhfrng
kien
thuc
l<hai
quat
ve
tac gia, tac
pham
dii
duac
hoc.
Neu
m9t
each ngiin gon,
sue
tich
nhfrng
net
chinh,
co
ban
nhat,
tranh
di~n
giai dai dong.
C/iu
Vi dv; Xac
dinh
phuang
thuc
bieu
d(lt chinh
cua
van
ban
tren.
--> D6i v6i d(lng
diu
hoi
nay,
can
d
0
c ki
yeu
c'i\u,
xac
dinh
dling
cac khai
ni~m:
de
tili,
chu de, n9i
dung
chinh
phuang
thuc
bieu d(lt,
phong
each
ngon
ngfr, ... de'
tranh
nham
Iiln;
tra loi ngiin g
0
n,
sue
tich,
dung
tr
0
ng
tam
van
de.
Luu
y:
10
-
Phan
tich
S\f
lien
quan
giua
cac
diu
hoi
vi
nhieu
!<hi
cac
diu
hoi
sau
Ia
gQi
y
phan
nao
de
tra
!Oi
cac
diu
hoi
tru6c
...
- Xac
dinh
van
ban
thu9c
the
lo<,U
tho
hay
van
xuoi.
van
ban
- Xac
dinh
van
ban
dang
n6i
ve
n\ii
dung
gi?
C6
bao
tr!nh
2.
Plmong
a.
Cau
n.hieu
do;;m?
N9i
dung
rung
do;;m Ia gi?
-
Ngiin
g
0
n, chinh xac,
day
d{t,
tranh
Ian
man.
-
Tra Joi
tn,rc
tiep ciiu h6i,
khong
can
di\n diit
long
vong,
chu
y
den
yeu cau ve
d9
dai (thu&ng 6
cau
v~
d1,lllg
thilp).
+ Phiin tich tac dvng:
khong
viet
chung
chung
Ia
"sinh
l&i
d9ng,
gai hinh,
gQi
ta", mit
phai
neu
tac
dvng
n6i
biji.t
clia
bi~n
phap
tu
tu
trong
ngfr canh.
cu
Vi
d7!:
Bi~n
phap
so
sanh
da
lam
n6i
b(it len
ve
d.;p ... , d(ic
diem
...
cuanhan
v(\t,
nhan
mqnhynghia
...
,
t(IO
nen
tinh
hinh
tuang/
tinh
nh(lc, h
0
a
ra
sao
...
-
Trinh
bay khoa hoc,
khong
nen
tay
x6a,
dung
cac
ky
hi~u
thong
nhat
trong
hili.
-
Phiin
b6
th&i
gian
hap
li
de
lam
cac
diu
h6i
ngiin
trong
ph'an nay, khoimg
tu
20 - 25
phut,
danh
thi:ri.
gian
de'
lam
cau
NLXH
va
NL
VH.
cJu
- C/iu
luJi
hm
hiiSt
chun;s
-ut?
tire
gid.
ttic
phiifn:
Neu
ten tac
giit,
neu
bUt danh
(ne'u
cO),
tr\nh
bay
net
chinh
Ve
que
quan,
S\f
nghi~p
van
hoc,
phong
each
sang
tac, ...
CUa
tac gia;
Neu
ten
tac
pham,
nhan
de,
hoan
canh
sang tac, vi tri do(ln trich, thelo(li, ...
cua
tac
pham.
Vi dv:
Do;;m
tho
tren
n~m
trong
tac phil'm nao? Gi6i
thi~u
ngiin
gon
ve tac gia
va
hoim
canh
sang
hie cua tac
pham
ay.
-+
Doi
v6i d(lng cau
h6i
nay,
can
lien
M,
viji.n
dvng
de'n
nhfrng
kien
thuc
l<hai
quat
ve
tac gia, tac
pham
dii
duac
hoc.
Neu
m9t
each ngiin gon,
sue
tich
nhfrng
net
chinh,
co
ban
nhat,
tranh
di~n
giai dai dong.
C/iu
Vi dv; Xac
dinh
phuang
thuc
bieu
d(lt chinh
cua
van
ban
tren.
--> D6i v6i d(lng
diu
hoi
nay,
can
d
0
c ki
yeu
c'i\u,
xac
dinh
dling
cac khai
ni~m:
de
tili,
chu de, n9i
dung
chinh
phuang
thuc
bieu d(lt,
phong
each
ngon
ngfr, ... de'
tranh
nham
Iiln;
tra loi ngiin g
0
n,
sue
tich,
dung
tr
0
ng
tam
van
de.
Luu
y:
41;---------
+ v
6i
ciiu
hoi
xac
djnh
phuang
thuc
bieu d\[t,
phong
each
ng6n
ngu,
thao
tac l(ip
lu(in,
... :
Can
chu
y mi)t so
dau
hi~u
trong
cau
l~nh
( chinh,
chU.
yeu, cac, mi)t, mi)t so, ... )
+ V
6i
cau
h6i
xac
djnh
chu de, ni)i
dung
chinh ella vi'in ban, ... :
Chu
y
den
cac
tu
ngu,
hlnh
anh
xuat
hi~n
xu
yen suot 6
trong
ni)i
dung
ella vi'in
ban
vi
d6la
nhfrng
ru
ngfr,
hlnh
anh
t(ip
trung
thehi~n
chU
de.
Vi'in
ban
gom
nhi'eu do\lfl vi'in,
m6i
do\lfl
van
thehi~n
mi)t
chu
de di)c l(ip
din
phai
xem xet cac
chu
de d6 c61ien
quan
gi v6i
nhau
kh6ng
de
tim
ra
dugc
chu
de chinh. Cac thong
tin
thu&ng
dugc
the
hi~n,
phan
anh
tn,rc tiep
trong
van
ban,
di~n
d<tt
ho~c
m6
tit
li;li
bfug
ng6n
ngu
cua minh.
- Giu
h6i
xac
djnh
thi"
tlw:
H
0
c
sinh
chu
y
phil.n
bi~t
cac
the
tho
bon
chu, na.m chu,
bay
chfr,
h,!C
bat, Song
that
1\IC
bat,
tho
tv
do, ...
de
xac
djnh
cho
chinh
xac.
b.
Ciiu
thOng
hiet<
-
Cfiu
hoi
lien quan
ai!i1
hlnh
t!U:rc
nghf
tlzu[jt:
+ Xac
djnh
each dirng
fir
(ru
loi;li,
nghia
ella
fir,
...
),
each
ng~t
nhjp, each gieo
van,
...
+ Xac
djnh
thitnh
phan
cau,
kieu
cau, ...
+ Cac
bi~n
phap
tutu
(chi
ra
bi~n
phap
tu
ttr va phil.n
tich
tac dl,lllg).
+ Xac
djnh
phep
lien ket (lien
ket
ni)i
dung
va lien
ket
hlnh
thuc).
+ Xac
djnh
cac
kien
thuc
tieng
Vi~t
khac
xuat
hi~n
trong
ngfr
li~u.
Vi
dw
Chi
ra
va
neu
lac dl,lllg ella
phep
tu
ru
di~p
ngu
dugc
Slr
dl,lllg
trong
kh6
tho
cuoi cua
do\[TI
tho
tren.
--+
Doi v6i d\lflg
cil.u
h6i nay,
can
lam
theo 3
bu6c
sau:
Bu&c
1:
Neu
chinh
xac ten g
0
i cua cac
bi~n
phap
tu
ru
d6.
Bu&c
2:
Neu
len cac Cl,lffi
ru,
cau
n6i
trong
bai the'
hi~n bi~n
phap
tu
ru.
Bu&c
3:
Neu
lac dl,lllg, y
nghia
cua
bi~n
phap
tu
ru
d6
den
loan
bi)
do<tn
van.
Di~n
d<Jt:
Bi~n
phap
tu
ru
nay
lam
cho loi tho, lin vi'in
them
sinh di)ng,
gQ'i
hinh
gQ'i
cam, hilp
dfuV
thu
vi/
d~
hieu/ c6
hon/
nhiln
m<Jnh
vao
ni)i
dung
...
dong
thai
thehi~n
...
cua tac gia.
-
Cdu
hoi
lien
quan
aei1
n(li
dung:
+
Neu
y
nghia
ella
ru
ngfr,
hlnh
itnh tieu bieu trong
van
ban. Khi giru thich cac
tu
ngfr,
hinh itnh, chi tiet can
dva
viw ni)i
dung
vi'in
ban
de
giai thfch, ap dl,lllg
dung
viw
vi'in
canh
de
bai
ra
de
trlnh
bay
day
du
cac
net
nghia.
+
C~t
nghia,
li
giai ni)i dung,
tu
tu6ng
ella mi)t
diu
tho,
cau
vi'in
trong vi'in
ban.
Neu
cau c6 nhi'eu
ve
thi
giai thich tirng ve,
neu
c6
mi)t
ve
thi
chon
ru
khoa
de
giid thich roi
flll
ray
nghia
ella
ca.
cau vi'in/
cau
tho.
+ Xac
djnh
tu
tu6ng,
tinh
cam
cua
tac gia dugc
the
hi~n
qua
van
ban.
Vi
dw
Hai cau
tho
"Mf
g~t
mo
hoi
dtngocli diu hdtl
Gidc
ma
toi
ng9t
hoi
th&
lang
gieng"
ggi cho
em
suy
nghi
gl?
41;---------
+ v
6i
ciiu
hoi
xac
djnh
phuang
thuc
bieu d\[t,
phong
each
ng6n
ngu,
thao
tac l(ip
lu(in,
... :
Can
chu
y mi)t so
dau
hi~u
trong
cau
l~nh
( chinh,
chU.
yeu, cac, mi)t, mi)t so, ... )
+ V
6i
cau
h6i
xac
djnh
chu de, ni)i
dung
chinh ella vi'in ban, ... :
Chu
y
den
cac
tu
ngu,
hlnh
anh
xuat
hi~n
xu
yen suot 6
trong
ni)i
dung
ella vi'in
ban
vi
d6la
nhfrng
ru
ngfr,
hlnh
anh
t(ip
trung
thehi~n
chU
de.
Vi'in
ban
gom
nhi'eu do\lfl vi'in,
m6i
do\lfl
van
thehi~n
mi)t
chu
de di)c l(ip
din
phai
xem xet cac
chu
de d6 c61ien
quan
gi v6i
nhau
kh6ng
de
tim
ra
dugc
chu
de chinh. Cac thong
tin
thu&ng
dugc
the
hi~n,
phan
anh
tn,rc tiep
trong
van
ban,
di~n
d<tt
ho~c
m6
tit
li;li
bfug
ng6n
ngu
cua minh.
- Giu
h6i
xac
djnh
thi"
tlw:
H
0
c
sinh
chu
y
phil.n
bi~t
cac
the
tho
bon
chu, na.m chu,
bay
chfr,
h,!C
bat, Song
that
1\IC
bat,
tho
tv
do, ...
de
xac
djnh
cho
chinh
xac.
b.
Ciiu
thOng
hiet<
-
Cfiu
hoi
lien quan
ai!i1
hlnh
t!U:rc
nghf
tlzu[jt:
+ Xac
djnh
each dirng
fir
(ru
loi;li,
nghia
ella
fir,
...
),
each
ng~t
nhjp, each gieo
van,
...
+ Xac
djnh
thitnh
phan
cau,
kieu
cau, ...
+ Cac
bi~n
phap
tutu
(chi
ra
bi~n
phap
tu
ttr va phil.n
tich
tac dl,lllg).
+ Xac
djnh
phep
lien ket (lien
ket
ni)i
dung
va lien
ket
hlnh
thuc).
+ Xac
djnh
cac
kien
thuc
tieng
Vi~t
khac
xuat
hi~n
trong
ngfr
li~u.
Vi
dw
Chi
ra
va
neu
lac dl,lllg ella
phep
tu
ru
di~p
ngu
dugc
Slr
dl,lllg
trong
kh6
tho
cuoi cua
do\[TI
tho
tren.
--+
Doi v6i d\lflg
cil.u
h6i nay,
can
lam
theo 3
bu6c
sau:
Bu&c
1:
Neu
chinh
xac ten g
0
i cua cac
bi~n
phap
tu
ru
d6.
Bu&c
2:
Neu
len cac Cl,lffi
ru,
cau
n6i
trong
bai the'
hi~n bi~n
phap
tu
ru.
Bu&c
3:
Neu
lac dl,lllg, y
nghia
cua
bi~n
phap
tu
ru
d6
den
loan
bi)
do<tn
van.
Di~n
d<Jt:
Bi~n
phap
tu
ru
nay
lam
cho loi tho, lin vi'in
them
sinh di)ng,
gQ'i
hinh
gQ'i
cam, hilp
dfuV
thu
vi/
d~
hieu/ c6
hon/
nhiln
m<Jnh
vao
ni)i
dung
...
dong
thai
thehi~n
...
cua tac gia.
-
Cdu
hoi
lien
quan
aei1
n(li
dung:
+
Neu
y
nghia
ella
ru
ngfr,
hlnh
itnh tieu bieu trong
van
ban. Khi giru thich cac
tu
ngfr,
hinh itnh, chi tiet can
dva
viw ni)i
dung
vi'in
ban
de
giai thfch, ap dl,lllg
dung
viw
vi'in
canh
de
bai
ra
de
trlnh
bay
day
du
cac
net
nghia.
+
C~t
nghia,
li
giai ni)i dung,
tu
tu6ng
ella mi)t
diu
tho,
cau
vi'in
trong vi'in
ban.
Neu
cau c6 nhi'eu
ve
thi
giai thich tirng ve,
neu
c6
mi)t
ve
thi
chon
ru
khoa
de
giid thich roi
flll
ray
nghia
ella
ca.
cau vi'in/
cau
tho.
+ Xac
djnh
tu
tu6ng,
tinh
cam
cua
tac gia dugc
the
hi~n
qua
van
ban.
Vi
dw
Hai cau
tho
"Mf
g~t
mo
hoi
dtngocli diu hdtl
Gidc
ma
toi
ng9t
hoi
th&
lang
gieng"
ggi cho
em
suy
nghi
gl?
---.
v
oi
d;;mg
diu
hoi
nay,
c'iin
dva
vao
ni)i
dung
van
ban
de
giiti
thich,
ap
dvng
d{mg
vao
van
canh
de
bai
ra
de
trinh
bay
day
du
cac
net
nghla.
HQC
sinh
chu
y
dQC
ky
cang
van
ban,
sau
do
lien
h~
cvm
ili/hinh
anh/
quan
diem
do
v6i
ni)i
dung
van
bim.
Thuimg
m6i
hinh
anh
tho
hay
quan
diem
se
co
tu
2
den
3
lop
y
nghla
bao
gom
y
nghia
chinh.
HQC
sinh
dill phili
khai
thac
day
du
cac
lop
nghla
nay
moi
co
the
dat
dUQ'C
diem
toi da.
c.
Ciiu
d1mg
- \fj{>[
dor;n
Piin
trlnh
bi'ly
suy nghl
uC
n(!i
dung f'fuvc
eft?
qlp
dlh1
trong
·uifn
bdn.
Day
Ia
dqng
cau
hoi
cuoi
cling
cua
de
dQc
hieu,
gom
3
dang
chinh:
+
Dang
1:
Viet
doan
van
ngi\n
tU 4 cho
den
6
dong.
HQc
sinh
se
trinh
bay
ve
quan
diem
CUa
minh
(khong
dong
y
hay
dong
y)
ve
mi)t
van
de
C\1
the.
+
Dang
2:
Viet
doan
van
ngi\n
tU 4 cho
den
6
dong
neu
len
y
kien
va
giili
phap
cua
em
cho mi)t
thvc
trang
hay
van
de
con
ton
tai
trong
van
ban
duqc
de
bai
dua
ra.
Day
chinh
Ia
dang
de
nghi
lu.\ln
xa
hi)i
thuimg
gi;ip.
De
lam
tot
de
nay,
hQc
sinh
can
co
duqc
kien
thuc
xa
hi)i
kha
tot.
+Dang
3:
Tu
van
ban
cua
de
bai,
hQc
sinh
neu
len
hili
hQc
hoi;ic
thong
di~p
co y
nghla
voi
ban
than
hay
xa
hi)i.
Vi
d!'
1:
Viet
doan
van
khoimg
12
cau
theo
phep
l~p
lu.\ln
tong-
phan-
hqp
de
lam
rii
co
sa
hinh
thanh
tinh
dong
chi
cua
nhfrng
nguoi
!inh
each
mang
trong
doan
tho
tren.
Doan
van
co
su
dvng
phep
li;ip
de
liien ket
va
cau
ghep.
-->
Doi
v6i
dang
cau
hoi
nay,
can
dva
vi10
ni)i
dung
cua
van
bim
de
trien
khai
theo cac
each:
quy
nap,
di€'n dich,
tong-
phan-
hqp,
...
Doan
van
cling
phili
trien
khai
theo
3
phan:
mo
doan
-
than
doan
-
ket
do<;~n.
Vi
d¥
2:
Truce
tinh
hlnh
dich
b~nh
hi~n
nay,
cac
em
can
lam
gl
debao
v~
mlnh
va
nhting
nguoi
xung
quanh
khoi
nguy
co
cua
dich
b~nh.
Hay
viet
mi)t
doan
van
dii"n
dich
(khoimg 8
-10
cau).
---.
Doi
voi
dang
cau
hoi
nay,
diu
tra
loi
hoan
toan
dva
tren
hieu
biet
cua
hQC
sinh,
hQC
sinh
can
xac
dinh
dung
suy
nghl,
nh~n
thuc
cua
minh
de
ban
lu~n
cho
thau
dao,
chi;it
che.
Tra
loi
ngiin
gQn,
chan
thilnh,
trung
thvc
nhting
suy
nghi,
cam
xuc
ca nhiin,
tranh
khu6n
m~u,
sao r6ng, ...
m.
Bai
Bai
1.
D9c
doqn
!rich
vii hOi du&i day:
"Nilng
hq.
Nhimg
tia
aau
tien
{mh
len
trang
v&
con
chua
lchO
mclll
ml:f'C.
Va
a'n
dau
trong
nhfmg
tan
Ia
xanh
ay,
c6
nhii:ng
nang vu
cong
aan
xoe
chiec
vay
do
Yl:fC
cua
minh
ra,
nhu
m(it
di!'u
bale
trong
ban
nhqc
ve
sau
du
duang.
D6i
miit
toi
chQ't
tlwang nhu6in mau
buon,
m¢t
mdng
mau
nhf
thai
mil
khOng
hie'u
sao
lchoe
miit
elf
rung rung ...
T8i
ldng
minh
xuoi1g,
dui'rng
nhu
t8i
Hl
---.
v
oi
d;;mg
diu
hoi
nay,
c'iin
dva
vao
ni)i
dung
van
ban
de
giiti
thich,
ap
dvng
d{mg
vao
van
canh
de
bai
ra
de
trinh
bay
day
du
cac
net
nghla.
HQC
sinh
chu
y
dQC
ky
cang
van
ban,
sau
do
lien
h~
cvm
ili/hinh
anh/
quan
diem
do
v6i
ni)i
dung
van
bim.
Thuimg
m6i
hinh
anh
tho
hay
quan
diem
se
co
tu
2
den
3
lop
y
nghla
bao
gom
y
nghia
chinh.
HQC
sinh
dill phili
khai
thac
day
du
cac
lop
nghla
nay
moi
co
the
dat
dUQ'C
diem
toi da.
c.
Ciiu
d1mg
- \fj{>[
dor;n
Piin
trlnh
bi'ly
suy nghl
uC
n(!i
dung f'fuvc
eft?
qlp
dlh1
trong
·uifn
bdn.
Day
Ia
dqng
cau
hoi
cuoi
cling
cua
de
dQc
hieu,
gom
3
dang
chinh:
+
Dang
1:
Viet
doan
van
ngi\n
tU 4 cho
den
6
dong.
HQc
sinh
se
trinh
bay
ve
quan
diem
CUa
minh
(khong
dong
y
hay
dong
y)
ve
mi)t
van
de
C\1
the.
+
Dang
2:
Viet
doan
van
ngi\n
tU 4 cho
den
6
dong
neu
len
y
kien
va
giili
phap
cua
em
cho mi)t
thvc
trang
hay
van
de
con
ton
tai
trong
van
ban
duqc
de
bai
dua
ra.
Day
chinh
Ia
dang
de
nghi
lu.\ln
xa
hi)i
thuimg
gi;ip.
De
lam
tot
de
nay,
hQc
sinh
can
co
duqc
kien
thuc
xa
hi)i
kha
tot.
+Dang
3:
Tu
van
ban
cua
de
bai,
hQc
sinh
neu
len
hili
hQc
hoi;ic
thong
di~p
co y
nghla
voi
ban
than
hay
xa
hi)i.
Vi
d!'
1:
Viet
doan
van
khoimg
12
cau
theo
phep
l~p
lu.\ln
tong-
phan-
hqp
de
lam
rii
co
sa
hinh
thanh
tinh
dong
chi
cua
nhfrng
nguoi
!inh
each
mang
trong
doan
tho
tren.
Doan
van
co
su
dvng
phep
li;ip
de
liien ket
va
cau
ghep.
-->
Doi
v6i
dang
cau
hoi
nay,
can
dva
vi10
ni)i
dung
cua
van
bim
de
trien
khai
theo cac
each:
quy
nap,
di€'n dich,
tong-
phan-
hqp,
...
Doan
van
cling
phili
trien
khai
theo
3
phan:
mo
doan
-
than
doan
-
ket
do<;~n.
Vi
d¥
2:
Truce
tinh
hlnh
dich
b~nh
hi~n
nay,
cac
em
can
lam
gl
debao
v~
mlnh
va
nhting
nguoi
xung
quanh
khoi
nguy
co
cua
dich
b~nh.
Hay
viet
mi)t
doan
van
dii"n
dich
(khoimg 8
-10
cau).
---.
Doi
voi
dang
cau
hoi
nay,
diu
tra
loi
hoan
toan
dva
tren
hieu
biet
cua
hQC
sinh,
hQC
sinh
can
xac
dinh
dung
suy
nghl,
nh~n
thuc
cua
minh
de
ban
lu~n
cho
thau
dao,
chi;it
che.
Tra
loi
ngiin
gQn,
chan
thilnh,
trung
thvc
nhting
suy
nghi,
cam
xuc
ca nhiin,
tranh
khu6n
m~u,
sao r6ng, ...
m.
Bai
Bai
1.
D9c
doqn
!rich
vii hOi du&i day:
"Nilng
hq.
Nhimg
tia
aau
tien
{mh
len
trang
v&
con
chua
lchO
mclll
ml:f'C.
Va
a'n
dau
trong
nhfmg
tan
Ia
xanh
ay,
c6
nhii:ng
nang vu
cong
aan
xoe
chiec
vay
do
Yl:fC
cua
minh
ra,
nhu
m(it
di!'u
bale
trong
ban
nhqc
ve
sau
du
duang.
D6i
miit
toi
chQ't
tlwang nhu6in mau
buon,
m¢t
mdng
mau
nhf
thai
mil
khOng
hie'u
sao
lchoe
miit
elf
rung rung ...
T8i
ldng
minh
xuoi1g,
dui'rng
nhu
t8i
Hl
nghe
viing
vdng
dfiu
day
m(it
hili
hat
chia
tay
mil
chU
ve
s'fiu
ngoili
khung
ciea
dang
cii1:
li!n.
Silp
den
roil
sdp
chia
lay
th(jt
roi
sao!"
(Trich
Tu61
h9c
tro
va
nhfmg
tltang
ngity
klt6ng
quen,
Nguy~n
Hung
Vi~t)
Cau
1.
Xac
dinh
phuang
thuc
bieu
d;;tt
chinh
cU.a
do;;tn
van
tren?
Ciiu
2. Hay
tim
va
chi ra
phep
lien ket cau c6 trong doqn
van
tren.
Cau
3. Cau
cam
than
"Sdp
den
roil
Sdp
chia
tay
th(jt
roi
sao!"
mangham
y gi?
Cau
4. Hay chi
ra
va
phan
tich tac
dl,ll1g
ngh~
thui).t
cU.a
bi~n
phap
tu
tU
dtrQ'C
su
dvng
trong doqn trich?
Huang
d~n
giai
Cau
1.
Phuong
thuc
bieu
d;;tt
chinh
cU.a
doqn van: Bieu cam
Cau
2.
Phep lien ket cau
duqc
su
dvng
trong
doqn van:
Phep
the
- "Nhfrng tia nilng
dau
tien"
-the
cho "Nilng
h;;t"
-
"MOt
mang m8.u" - th€ cho "Mau
huOn"
Cau
3. Ham y cua cau
"Si!p
den
roil
Si!p
chia
tay
th(jt
roi
sao!":
Nhan
vi).t
trong
do;;tn
trich
ngo
ngimg, bimg hoang, tiec
nuoi
khi mila
h;;t
den, cling Ia hie
nhan
vi).t
phiii chia tay
v6i
bqn
be, chia tay
mai
truimg,
thay
c6 ...
Cau
4.
Bi~n
phap
tu
til
duqc
tac gia
su
dung: Nhan hoa
- "
..
.
Nhii'ng
nang vu
cong
clan
xoe
chiec
vay
ao
rvc
cua
minh
ra,
nhu:
m(it
di?u
ba
1€
trong
ban
nhqc
ve
sau
du
du:ong."
-
"M(it
biii
htit
chia
tay
rna
chU
ve
sau
ngoai
khung
ciea
aang
cii1:
len"
* Tac d\ffig:
- Lam
cho
nhiing
sv
vi).t
duqc
nh~c
den trong
do<;~n
van
them sinh d9ng, c6 hon,
gQ'i
hinh
iinh cho doqn van.
-
G6p ph'an
kh~c
hoi;!
ro
net
ni\i buon, ni\i lo !i\ng cua
nhiing
c6/
ci).u
hQc
tro khi mila
hi;!
s~p
t6i-
mila chia tay.
Bi!i
2.
Dqc
do<;~n
trich
va
Ira
loi
d.c
diu
hoi
du&i
day:
Thay
Con
gi6
vo
tinh
thO!
mqnh
sang
nay
Con
b8ng
thai;
t6c
th'fiy
bqc
trilng
Cu
tv
nhu
rffng
d6
Ia
b!li
phan
Mil
sao
lOng
xao
xuyen
miii
khOng
nguoi
Bao
niim
roi?
Dii
baa
nitm
roi
h&?
Thay
ai
...
L6p
h9C
tro
ra
di,
con
th'fiy
o·lqi
Mai
cheo
a6
Iii nhfmg
vien
phd'n
trdng
Vii
th'fiy
Iii
ngu:o·i
au:a
do
can
mdn
n
nghe
viing
vdng
dfiu
day
m(it
hili
hat
chia
tay
mil
chU
ve
s'fiu
ngoili
khung
ciea
dang
cii1:
li!n.
Silp
den
roil
sdp
chia
lay
th(jt
roi
sao!"
(Trich
Tu61
h9c
tro
va
nhfmg
tltang
ngity
klt6ng
quen,
Nguy~n
Hung
Vi~t)
Cau
1.
Xac
dinh
phuang
thuc
bieu
d;;tt
chinh
cU.a
do;;tn
van
tren?
Ciiu
2. Hay
tim
va
chi ra
phep
lien ket cau c6 trong doqn
van
tren.
Cau
3. Cau
cam
than
"Sdp
den
roil
Sdp
chia
tay
th(jt
roi
sao!"
mangham
y gi?
Cau
4. Hay chi
ra
va
phan
tich tac
dl,ll1g
ngh~
thui).t
cU.a
bi~n
phap
tu
tU
dtrQ'C
su
dvng
trong doqn trich?
Huang
d~n
giai
Cau
1.
Phuong
thuc
bieu
d;;tt
chinh
cU.a
doqn van: Bieu cam
Cau
2.
Phep lien ket cau
duqc
su
dvng
trong
doqn van:
Phep
the
- "Nhfrng tia nilng
dau
tien"
-the
cho "Nilng
h;;t"
-
"MOt
mang m8.u" - th€ cho "Mau
huOn"
Cau
3. Ham y cua cau
"Si!p
den
roil
Si!p
chia
tay
th(jt
roi
sao!":
Nhan
vi).t
trong
do;;tn
trich
ngo
ngimg, bimg hoang, tiec
nuoi
khi mila
h;;t
den, cling Ia hie
nhan
vi).t
phiii chia tay
v6i
bqn
be, chia tay
mai
truimg,
thay
c6 ...
Cau
4.
Bi~n
phap
tu
til
duqc
tac gia
su
dung: Nhan hoa
- "
..
.
Nhii'ng
nang vu
cong
clan
xoe
chiec
vay
ao
rvc
cua
minh
ra,
nhu:
m(it
di?u
ba
1€
trong
ban
nhqc
ve
sau
du
du:ong."
-
"M(it
biii
htit
chia
tay
rna
chU
ve
sau
ngoai
khung
ciea
aang
cii1:
len"
* Tac d\ffig:
- Lam
cho
nhiing
sv
vi).t
duqc
nh~c
den trong
do<;~n
van
them sinh d9ng, c6 hon,
gQ'i
hinh
iinh cho doqn van.
-
G6p ph'an
kh~c
hoi;!
ro
net
ni\i buon, ni\i lo !i\ng cua
nhiing
c6/
ci).u
hQc
tro khi mila
hi;!
s~p
t6i-
mila chia tay.
Bi!i
2.
Dqc
do<;~n
trich
va
Ira
loi
d.c
diu
hoi
du&i
day:
Thay
Con
gi6
vo
tinh
thO!
mqnh
sang
nay
Con
b8ng
thai;
t6c
th'fiy
bqc
trilng
Cu
tv
nhu
rffng
d6
Ia
b!li
phan
Mil
sao
lOng
xao
xuyen
miii
khOng
nguoi
Bao
niim
roi?
Dii
baa
nitm
roi
h&?
Thay
ai
...
L6p
h9C
tro
ra
di,
con
th'fiy
o·lqi
Mai
cheo
a6
Iii nhfmg
vien
phd'n
trdng
Vii
th'fiy
Iii
ngu:o·i
au:a
do
can
mdn
n
Cho
chung
con
djnh
huang Iuong
lai
ThD'i
gian
ai
xin dimg
lqi
dung
tr8i
Cho
chung
con
lchoanh
tay
cui
tfdu
fdn
nfra
G9i
tiiFng
thay
v&i
tat
ca
tin
yeu.
(N
gill
Hoimg)
Ciu
1.
Bili
tho
tren
viet
thea
the
tho
nitO?
Ciu
2.
Neu
n9i
dung
chinh
cua
bili tho.
Cau
3.
Xac
dinh
phep
tu
ill
va
tac
d1,!11g
cua
no
trong
hai
dl.u
tho
sau:
Mai
chi!o
d6
Ia
nhi:mg
vien
phdi1
trdng
Va
thay
Ia
ngui!'i
aua
do
clin
mfin
Ciu
4.
Bai
hQc
em
nh(ln
thuc
sau
khi
dQc
bai
tho
Ia gl?
Huang
d.1n giili
Ciu
1. Biti
tho
tren
duqc
viet
thea
the
tho:
Tv
do
2.
Bai
tho
the
hi~n
long
biet
an
v6i
nguO:i th'ay
kinh
yeu.
Cilu
3.
Bi~n
phap
ngh~
thu(\t: So
sanh
-
Qua
hlnh
anh
so
sanh,
hie
gia
dii ca
ngqi
ce\ng lao to 16n, cao
d.;p
cling
nhu
sv
vat
va,
nhQC
nhofu
ma
nguoi
thay
b~ng
tat
ca
tai nang,
tam
huyet
cua
mlnh
da
ch~p
canh
cho
baa
theh~
hQc
tro.
Hlnh
anh
do
cling giong
rum
nguoi
]ai
do
dua
khach
sang
song.
Ciu
4.
NMn
thuc
duqc
c6ng
lao
to
l&n
va
n6i
gian
kho,
vat
va,
nhQC
nh~n
ella th'ay.
Biet
an,
cam
phvc,
quy
trQng
nguoi
th'ay
dong
thai
ra
sue
quyet
tiim
hQC
t(\p,
tu
du6ng
de
kh6ng
phv
c6ng
lao
va
u6c
mong
cua thay.
H/lUY~N:
Cho
chung
con
djnh
huang Iuong
lai
ThD'i
gian
ai
xin dimg
lqi
dung
tr8i
Cho
chung
con
lchoanh
tay
cui
tfdu
fdn
nfra
G9i
tiiFng
thay
v&i
tat
ca
tin
yeu.
(N
gill
Hoimg)
Ciu
1.
Bili
tho
tren
viet
thea
the
tho
nitO?
Ciu
2.
Neu
n9i
dung
chinh
cua
bili tho.
Cau
3.
Xac
dinh
phep
tu
ill
va
tac
d1,!11g
cua
no
trong
hai
dl.u
tho
sau:
Mai
chi!o
d6
Ia
nhi:mg
vien
phdi1
trdng
Va
thay
Ia
ngui!'i
aua
do
clin
mfin
Ciu
4.
Bai
hQc
em
nh(ln
thuc
sau
khi
dQc
bai
tho
Ia gl?
Huang
d.1n giili
Ciu
1. Biti
tho
tren
duqc
viet
thea
the
tho:
Tv
do
2.
Bai
tho
the
hi~n
long
biet
an
v6i
nguO:i th'ay
kinh
yeu.
Cilu
3.
Bi~n
phap
ngh~
thu(\t: So
sanh
-
Qua
hlnh
anh
so
sanh,
hie
gia
dii ca
ngqi
ce\ng lao to 16n, cao
d.;p
cling
nhu
sv
vat
va,
nhQC
nhofu
ma
nguoi
thay
b~ng
tat
ca
tai nang,
tam
huyet
cua
mlnh
da
ch~p
canh
cho
baa
theh~
hQc
tro.
Hlnh
anh
do
cling giong
rum
nguoi
]ai
do
dua
khach
sang
song.
Ciu
4.
NMn
thuc
duqc
c6ng
lao
to
l&n
va
n6i
gian
kho,
vat
va,
nhQC
nh~n
ella th'ay.
Biet
an,
cam
phvc,
quy
trQng
nguoi
th'ay
dong
thai
ra
sue
quyet
tiim
hQC
t(\p,
tu
du6ng
de
kh6ng
phv
c6ng
lao
va
u6c
mong
cua thay.
H/lUY~N:
@-------------------------
-----------------
BAI
2.
NHUNG
K[EN
THUC
TRQNG TAM TIENG
VI~T
I.
H~
thong
kien
!hue
vll
tu
VJ,I'llg
!
I
Dan
vi
kien
thuc
Glu
t?om
Thanhngfr
Nghiacua
m
Nqi
dung
-
Tu
dan:
Lam
chi gom m()t tieng.
-
Tu
phuc: La
ru
gom hai
hay
nhi'eu
tieng
+
T1r
ghep:
Ut
nhfrng
tu
phuc
duqc
t?O
ra
bkg
each ghep cac tieng
CO
quan
h~
v6i
nhau
ve nghla.
+
Tu
lay:
Ut
nhfing m
phuc
c6
quan
h~
lay
am gifra cac tieng
- Lit io?i tlr
CO
CaU
t?O
CO
djnh, bie'u thj
m()t
y nghia
hoan
chinh (tuang
duang
nhu
mqt
ru)
- Nghla clia thimh ngfr c6
the
tn,rc tiep
biit
nguon
tlr
nghia
den
ella cac tlr
t?O
nen
n6
nhung
thu<'mg thong qua m()t
so
bi~n
phap
chuyen
nghla
nhu
an
dv,
so sanh.
Vidv
-
Tu
dan: sach, vo, mu, ao, bat,
nha,
hQc,
lam,
ngli,
...
-
Tu
lay:
lung
linh,
sam
s(\p,
xon
xao, rl ram,
bat
ngat,"'
-
Tu
ghep:
non
song, t6c tai,
nha
ella, mUa xuan,
hoa
mai,
...
-
Nha
tranh
vach
dat
- G6p gi6
thanh
bao
- Chin
nguoi
muoi
y
- Dong
bcw:
Ia chi
nhilng
nguoi
-
Ut
n()i
dung
(sv
v(lt,
tinh
chat, ho?t
c1rng
m()t giong noi, mQt
dan
d()ng, quan
h~
...
) rna
tU
bieu thj. tqc, mi?t
to
quoc v6i
minh
(ham
- Cach giill thich
nghia
clia tlr: y
c6
quan
h~
than
thlet
nhu
ru9t
+Trinh
bay khai
ni~m
rna m bieu thj thjt).
Dong
thai,
day
cung Ia
tu
+
Dua
ra
tU
dong
nghia, trai nghia v6i
dung
de
g
0
i
nhan
dan
n6i
tU
can bieu thi chung,
khong
phai
Ia
quan
d9i
hoi;ic
khong
phiti
Ia
can
b().
- Chuyen
nghia
Ia
hi~n
tuqng
doi
Tu
nhieu nghla
cua
tU
t?o ra
nhilng
tU
nhieu
nghla
va nghia (nghia goc
->
nghla chuyen,
hi~n
tuqng
nghia den, nghla bong). - Mua xuan: nghia goc
chuyen
nghia
cua
m
- Trong
tU
nhi'eu nghla
c6:
- Tuoi xuan:
nghia
chuyen
+ Nghia
goc Ia nghla
xuat
hl~n
tu
dau, lam co
so
de
hlnh
thanh
cac
nghia khac.
@-------------------------
-----------------
BAI
2.
NHUNG
K[EN
THUC
TRQNG TAM TIENG
VI~T
I.
H~
thong
kien
!hue
vll
tu
VJ,I'llg
!
I
Dan
vi
kien
thuc
Glu
t?om
Thanhngfr
Nghiacua
m
Nqi
dung
-
Tu
dan:
Lam
chi gom m()t tieng.
-
Tu
phuc: La
ru
gom hai
hay
nhi'eu
tieng
+
T1r
ghep:
Ut
nhfrng
tu
phuc
duqc
t?O
ra
bkg
each ghep cac tieng
CO
quan
h~
v6i
nhau
ve nghla.
+
Tu
lay:
Ut
nhfing m
phuc
c6
quan
h~
lay
am gifra cac tieng
- Lit io?i tlr
CO
CaU
t?O
CO
djnh, bie'u thj
m()t
y nghia
hoan
chinh (tuang
duang
nhu
mqt
ru)
- Nghla clia thimh ngfr c6
the
tn,rc tiep
biit
nguon
tlr
nghia
den
ella cac tlr
t?O
nen
n6
nhung
thu<'mg thong qua m()t
so
bi~n
phap
chuyen
nghla
nhu
an
dv,
so sanh.
Vidv
-
Tu
dan: sach, vo, mu, ao, bat,
nha,
hQc,
lam,
ngli,
...
-
Tu
lay:
lung
linh,
sam
s(\p,
xon
xao, rl ram,
bat
ngat,"'
-
Tu
ghep:
non
song, t6c tai,
nha
ella, mUa xuan,
hoa
mai,
...
-
Nha
tranh
vach
dat
- G6p gi6
thanh
bao
- Chin
nguoi
muoi
y
- Dong
bcw:
Ia chi
nhilng
nguoi
-
Ut
n()i
dung
(sv
v(lt,
tinh
chat, ho?t
c1rng
m()t giong noi, mQt
dan
d()ng, quan
h~
...
) rna
tU
bieu thj. tqc, mi?t
to
quoc v6i
minh
(ham
- Cach giill thich
nghia
clia tlr: y
c6
quan
h~
than
thlet
nhu
ru9t
+Trinh
bay khai
ni~m
rna m bieu thj thjt).
Dong
thai,
day
cung Ia
tu
+
Dua
ra
tU
dong
nghia, trai nghia v6i
dung
de
g
0
i
nhan
dan
n6i
tU
can bieu thi chung,
khong
phai
Ia
quan
d9i
hoi;ic
khong
phiti
Ia
can
b().
- Chuyen
nghia
Ia
hi~n
tuqng
doi
Tu
nhieu nghla
cua
tU
t?o ra
nhilng
tU
nhieu
nghla
va nghia (nghia goc
->
nghla chuyen,
hi~n
tuqng
nghia den, nghla bong). - Mua xuan: nghia goc
chuyen
nghia
cua
m
- Trong
tU
nhi'eu nghla
c6:
- Tuoi xuan:
nghia
chuyen
+ Nghia
goc Ia nghla
xuat
hl~n
tu
dau, lam co
so
de
hlnh
thanh
cac
nghia khac.
'
CAP
Toe
789+
THI
vA.o
UJP 10
---------------------.
-
----------~-~,--------------~~--
T----~-----------------
---------~---,
1_
+
Nghla
chuyen
Ia nghia
duqc
hlnh
I I
' thitnh
tren
co
sa
cua
nghia goc. 1
--~-
------------.----------------------~----------~---------j
I
La
nhfrng
tu
giong
nhau
ve fnn
thanh
I I
Th~
· I
,
nhung
nghia
khac
xa nhau,
kh6ng
I -
Con
ngl,l'a
da
con
nma
da
1
am
~
,
' lien
quan
gl voi
nhau
i
-y{r
d(,-;;-g---~La
nhftng
tU
~6
nghia
giong
nhau
-------~-
---
--------~1
: -
Qua
- trai,
mat-chet
-
qua
dai
nghia
ho~c
gan
giong
nhau
Tu
trai i
~---------~----------r-::xi!--;;-=-t6td{;;;-g:::sai
cao-
i
La
nhftng
tU c6
nghia
trai
nguqc
nhau
' N ' '
nghia
!
thap
i&:;;hieu-T
u;:&-;:;:;-;;;;--;;--;:;-t;-u:;:,-g-~-~~
thai
y-
ngrua
-_
"Ia phSr'-;;-.:m
thi.:,.iliph5____
nghla
I
khac
nhau
do
hi~n
tuqng
chuyen
I
nghia
··--
----+~-------
--------------
----
---------~-----------------------------~
: -
Tu
muqn
Ia
tlf
c6
nguon
goc
tu
ng6n
: - Tieng Han:
giang
san,
vi
nhan,
Tumuqn
I
ngfr
tieng
nuoc
ngoai. Bao gom:
!,1_
thien
thu,
tien
phong,
...
I +
Tu
mw;m tieng
Han
! -
Ng6n
ngfr khac:
xa
phong,
ti
r
Tu
muqn
tU cac
ng6n
ngfr
khac
vi,
mit
tinh, ghi dong, ...
~ -
--~
--
--
--
- -
~-
-----
----
- - -
-~--------
Tu
tuqng
La tU
gqi
ta
hlnh
dang,
dang
ve, tr(lllg o ,
- Lorn
khom,
ngoan
ngoeo
hinh
j
thai
cua
su
vat.
- - I -
---
---
__
,
Tutuqng
La
tu·
m6
ph6ng
am
thanh
ella
tu
thanh
nhien,
con
nguai.
- R6c rach,
vi
vu,
inh
6i
-"·-·"---·---------·---
---
.
-1---
----------------
----------------
---------"~
..
--
..
---·-·-
..
~
DOi
chie'u cac
S\1'
v~t,
Sl,l'
vi~c
rna
gifra I
Tre
em
nhu:
bup
tren
canh
dong
I
Biet
an
biet
ngu,
bii!t
h9c
hanh
Ia
chung
c6
net
tuang
(thu&ng i
So
sanh
J i
dung
cole
tu
so
sanh: nhu,
Ia,
chang
1
ngoan.
bdng,
gi8ng
nhu:
..
. )
I
(Ho
Chi
Minh)
--
----------------------
------------------···-~-····-----···--------------
d-
I
--
----1
Dling
nhfmg
tU
ngfr
chi
ho<;~t
Qng,
I
i
tinh
each, suy nghi, ten g9i
...
von
chi I
Doan
thuyen
cluzy
aua
cung
mift
triii.
I
Nhanh6a
I
ditnh cho con
nguai
de mieu
ta
do vat,
(HuyCan)
Sl,l'
Vat,
COn
Vat,
cay
COi.
I
G9i
ten
sl,l'
vat,
hi~n
tuqng
bimg
ten
-----------------------
------
---------
---
--
--
--
-------------------"·~
..
----·i
An
dv
Sl,l'
Vat,
hi~n
tuqng
khac
CO
net
luang
U8i1g
nu:&c
nh6 nguon
dong.
A.o
cham
au:a
bu81
phiin
li
G9i
ten
Sl,l'
vat,
hi~n
tuqng
bimg
ten
Cam
tay nhau
biet
n6i
gi
h8m
Hoan
dv
Sl)'
Vat,
hi~n
tuqng
khac
CO
net
luang
can
(sl,l'
gan
gi.ii).
nay.
(ToHfru)
Trang
14
'
CAP
Toe
789+
THI
vA.o
UJP 10
---------------------.
-
----------~-~,--------------~~--
T----~-----------------
---------~---,
1_
+
Nghla
chuyen
Ia nghia
duqc
hlnh
I I
' thitnh
tren
co
sa
cua
nghia goc. 1
--~-
------------.----------------------~----------~---------j
I
La
nhfrng
tu
giong
nhau
ve fnn
thanh
I I
Th~
· I
,
nhung
nghia
khac
xa nhau,
kh6ng
I -
Con
ngl,l'a
da
con
nma
da
1
am
~
,
' lien
quan
gl voi
nhau
i
-y{r
d(,-;;-g---~La
nhftng
tU
~6
nghia
giong
nhau
-------~-
---
--------~1
: -
Qua
- trai,
mat-chet
-
qua
dai
nghia
ho~c
gan
giong
nhau
Tu
trai i
~---------~----------r-::xi!--;;-=-t6td{;;;-g:::sai
cao-
i
La
nhftng
tU c6
nghia
trai
nguqc
nhau
' N ' '
nghia
!
thap
i&:;;hieu-T
u;:&-;:;:;-;;;;--;;--;:;-t;-u:;:,-g-~-~~
thai
y-
ngrua
-_
"Ia phSr'-;;-.:m
thi.:,.iliph5____
nghla
I
khac
nhau
do
hi~n
tuqng
chuyen
I
nghia
··--
----+~-------
--------------
----
---------~-----------------------------~
: -
Tu
muqn
Ia
tlf
c6
nguon
goc
tu
ng6n
: - Tieng Han:
giang
san,
vi
nhan,
Tumuqn
I
ngfr
tieng
nuoc
ngoai. Bao gom:
!,1_
thien
thu,
tien
phong,
...
I +
Tu
mw;m tieng
Han
! -
Ng6n
ngfr khac:
xa
phong,
ti
r
Tu
muqn
tU cac
ng6n
ngfr
khac
vi,
mit
tinh, ghi dong, ...
~ -
--~
--
--
--
- -
~-
-----
----
- - -
-~--------
Tu
tuqng
La tU
gqi
ta
hlnh
dang,
dang
ve, tr(lllg o ,
- Lorn
khom,
ngoan
ngoeo
hinh
j
thai
cua
su
vat.
- - I -
---
---
__
,
Tutuqng
La
tu·
m6
ph6ng
am
thanh
ella
tu
thanh
nhien,
con
nguai.
- R6c rach,
vi
vu,
inh
6i
-"·-·"---·---------·---
---
.
-1---
----------------
----------------
---------"~
..
--
..
---·-·-
..
~
DOi
chie'u cac
S\1'
v~t,
Sl,l'
vi~c
rna
gifra I
Tre
em
nhu:
bup
tren
canh
dong
I
Biet
an
biet
ngu,
bii!t
h9c
hanh
Ia
chung
c6
net
tuang
(thu&ng i
So
sanh
J i
dung
cole
tu
so
sanh: nhu,
Ia,
chang
1
ngoan.
bdng,
gi8ng
nhu:
..
. )
I
(Ho
Chi
Minh)
--
----------------------
------------------···-~-····-----···--------------
d-
I
--
----1
Dling
nhfmg
tU
ngfr
chi
ho<;~t
Qng,
I
i
tinh
each, suy nghi, ten g9i
...
von
chi I
Doan
thuyen
cluzy
aua
cung
mift
triii.
I
Nhanh6a
I
ditnh cho con
nguai
de mieu
ta
do vat,
(HuyCan)
Sl,l'
Vat,
COn
Vat,
cay
COi.
I
G9i
ten
sl,l'
vat,
hi~n
tuqng
bimg
ten
-----------------------
------
---------
---
--
--
--
-------------------"·~
..
----·i
An
dv
Sl,l'
Vat,
hi~n
tuqng
khac
CO
net
luang
U8i1g
nu:&c
nh6 nguon
dong.
A.o
cham
au:a
bu81
phiin
li
G9i
ten
Sl,l'
vat,
hi~n
tuqng
bimg
ten
Cam
tay nhau
biet
n6i
gi
h8m
Hoan
dv
Sl)'
Vat,
hi~n
tuqng
khac
CO
net
luang
can
(sl,l'
gan
gi.ii).
nay.
(ToHfru)
Trang
14
I
I
Dimg
each
di@n
d(lt
te
nhi
A'
Btic
aii
ai
ve
v6i
tiJ'
tiiin
!
Noi giam,
uyen
I
1 chuyen
cte
trarm
gay
cam
giac
qua
Mac,
Lenin
thit gi6i
nguiYi
hien
noi
tranh
dau
buon, ghe sq, ...
(ToHilu)
VDl: Nb tung
khUc
ru{jt.
Phong
d(li
muc
d9,
quy
m6,
tinh
chil't
VD2:
Noiqua
cua
sl,l'
v(lt,
hl~n
tuqng
duqc
mieu
ta
Con
ai
tram
suoi
ngim
khe
'
de
nhan
ffi(lnh,
gay
an
tuqng,
tang
Dau
bling
muon
n6i
tai
te
long
I
sue
bieu
cam.
bCim
(ToHilu)
Choichu
Lqi
dvng
d(ic
diem
am
thanh, y
nghla
I
Con
huou
ai
chc;
Dong
Nai
cua
1ir
de t(lo ra
1ir
m6i,
hiun
y m6i.
Di
qua
N
ghe
l~i
nhai
thit
bO.
,
!
"Mai
ve
mien Nam thuong
triw
i
nu&c
milt
!
Muon
lam
con
chim,
h6t
quanh
i
lang
Bac
Muon
lam
a6a
hoa,
toa
huang
adu
Di~pngft
L(ip
l(li
tlr ngft (ho(ic ca cau).
aay
I
i
Muon
lam
cay
tre,
trung
hieu
chon
n?J.y".
I
(Vi@n
Phuong)
.l
H.
H~
thong
kien
thuc
ve
ngu
phap
Do'll
vj
ki€n
tlllrc
Danh
tir
Di)ng tir
Tinh
tir
s6
ru
N(li
dung
1
Vi
d\J
U
oh<mg
<'
oh;
"g.W;,
"''·
kM;
";Om...
t&k
..
; " W,
""
=
La
nhilng
tir
chi himh
d<;lng,
lf\mg
thfu
cila
S\f
v(lt.
I
Hoc
t!jp,
nghien
c!tu,
hao
man
...
Lit nhfrng tir chi
dac
diSm, tinh
ch~t
cua
su
1 • •
,
h'-'-
d'
·
h'.
· Xdu,
ilfp,
vui, bu6n.
..
V(lt,
auu 9ng, lr(lllg t
m.
j
Lit
nhfing tir chi
s6
lu\lllg va thu
l\1
cua
sv
v(lt.
Lit nhilng tir
dung
di\ tro nguiri,
sv
v(lt,
ho~t
di)ng tinh
ch~t
duqc
noi
di\n trong mi)t ngfr
c{mh
nhfit
djnh
cua liri
n6i
hoi:\c
dung
di\
hOi.
M(it,
hai,
ba,
thu
nhdt,
thu
hai
...
T6i, n6, thi, ai, gi,
vGo,
kia,
nGy,
i/6...
Trang
Hi
I
I
Dimg
each
di@n
d(lt
te
nhi
A'
Btic
aii
ai
ve
v6i
tiJ'
tiiin
!
Noi giam,
uyen
I
1 chuyen
cte
trarm
gay
cam
giac
qua
Mac,
Lenin
thit gi6i
nguiYi
hien
noi
tranh
dau
buon, ghe sq, ...
(ToHilu)
VDl: Nb tung
khUc
ru{jt.
Phong
d(li
muc
d9,
quy
m6,
tinh
chil't
VD2:
Noiqua
cua
sl,l'
v(lt,
hl~n
tuqng
duqc
mieu
ta
Con
ai
tram
suoi
ngim
khe
'
de
nhan
ffi(lnh,
gay
an
tuqng,
tang
Dau
bling
muon
n6i
tai
te
long
I
sue
bieu
cam.
bCim
(ToHilu)
Choichu
Lqi
dvng
d(ic
diem
am
thanh, y
nghla
I
Con
huou
ai
chc;
Dong
Nai
cua
1ir
de t(lo ra
1ir
m6i,
hiun
y m6i.
Di
qua
N
ghe
l~i
nhai
thit
bO.
,
!
"Mai
ve
mien Nam thuong
triw
i
nu&c
milt
!
Muon
lam
con
chim,
h6t
quanh
i
lang
Bac
Muon
lam
a6a
hoa,
toa
huang
adu
Di~pngft
L(ip
l(li
tlr ngft (ho(ic ca cau).
aay
I
i
Muon
lam
cay
tre,
trung
hieu
chon
n?J.y".
I
(Vi@n
Phuong)
.l
H.
H~
thong
kien
thuc
ve
ngu
phap
Do'll
vj
ki€n
tlllrc
Danh
tir
Di)ng tir
Tinh
tir
s6
ru
N(li
dung
1
Vi
d\J
U
oh<mg
<'
oh;
"g.W;,
"''·
kM;
";Om...
t&k
..
; " W,
""
=
La
nhilng
tir
chi himh
d<;lng,
lf\mg
thfu
cila
S\f
v(lt.
I
Hoc
t!jp,
nghien
c!tu,
hao
man
...
Lit nhfrng tir chi
dac
diSm, tinh
ch~t
cua
su
1 • •
,
h'-'-
d'
·
h'.
· Xdu,
ilfp,
vui, bu6n.
..
V(lt,
auu 9ng, lr(lllg t
m.
j
Lit
nhfing tir chi
s6
lu\lllg va thu
l\1
cua
sv
v(lt.
Lit nhilng tir
dung
di\ tro nguiri,
sv
v(lt,
ho~t
di)ng tinh
ch~t
duqc
noi
di\n trong mi)t ngfr
c{mh
nhfit
djnh
cua liri
n6i
hoi:\c
dung
di\
hOi.
M(it,
hai,
ba,
thu
nhdt,
thu
hai
...
T6i, n6, thi, ai, gi,
vGo,
kia,
nGy,
i/6...
Trang
Hi
QuanM
tlr
Trq tlr
Tinh
thai tlr
Thantlr
Thanh
phiin
chinh
ella
diu
Thanh
phiin
ph\l cua
diu
16
I VAO
UJP
10
Lit
nhilng tlr dung
dti
bi<lu
thi cac y nghia
quan
h~
nhu
sa
hfru,
so sanh, nhan qua ... gifra
cac bi)
ph~n
cua cau
hay
gifra ciic cilu
v&i
cau
trong
do~n
van.
Lit
nhfrng tir chuyen di kern
v&i
mi)t tir ngfr
trong cau db
nhfrn
m~nh
ho~c
bibu thi thid
di)
danh gia
sv
v(it,
sv
vi~c
duqc n6i dSn a m
ngfr d6.
La nhfrng
tcr
dLrqc
them
vito cilu de ciiu
t~o
diu
nghi
v<ln,
diu
c~u
khi@n,
diu
cam va
d6
bibu thi cac
sic
thai tinh cam cua
nguai
n6i.
Lit
nhilng m ngfr dung
d<'i
bi)c
li)
tinh cam,
cam
xuc cua
nguai
n6i
ho~c
dung
db
goi dap.
Lit nhfrng thilnh phiin
bit
bui)c phiti
c_6
m~t
de
diu
c6
diu
t~o
hoan
chlnh va dien
d~t
duqc
y
tr
0
n
v~n
(CN-
VN)
-
CM
ngfr (CN):
+ thuirng tn\ liri cho cau
hOi
Ai?
Con gi?
hoi;ic
Cai gi?
+ thuirng Ia danh
m,
d~i
m
ho~c
C\lm
danh
tlr. Trang nhfrng tnxirng hqp nhiit djnh, d(lng
tU,
tinh tir
ho~c
C\lm
di)ng tir,
C\lill
tinh tlr
cling
c6 thb lam
chU
ngfr.
-
Cau
c6
th<'i
c6 mi)t
ho~c
nhiilu
chU
ngfr.
-Vi
ngfr (VN):
+ thuirng trit
liri
cho cac ciiu
hOi
Lam
gi?
Lam
"
sao?,
Nhu
the nao?
La
gz?
+
!huang
Ia di)ng m
ho~c
C\liTI
di)ng tir, tinh
tlr
ho~c
C\lill
tinh tir, danh m
hoi;ic
Cl,lln
danh
!Lt.
trong
ciiu.
-
Tr~ng
ngi't: biilu thj y nghia
vil
mi;it
thiri
gian, dia diilm, nguyen nhiin,
ill\lC
dich,
phuong
ti~n,
each
thuc
...
diiln ra
sv
vi~c
neu
trong ciiu.
- Kh6·i ngfr:
Lit phiin
diu
dimg tnr6c
chli
ngfr
dil
neu len
dil
tai duqc n6i
dbn
trong
ciiu.
- Tru&c khai ngfr, thuimg c6
th<'i
them cac
quan M
tlr:
vib,
dbi v6i
...
Cua, nhu, vi ... nen
Chinh thdy hiiftu
trwmg
ila t(mg
toi quyiin
sach
nay.
At
"t
' oz.
Than
oil
Troi
ail
Chlmg baa ldu,
t6i
II ila
triY
thcmh
m(H
chang
dii
thanh nien cuimg
u·ang.
(To Hoai)
Chling
baa ldu. toi
ilii
triY
thanh
chang
dii
thanh
nien cu&ng trang.
(To Hoai)
-
Vfi
CGC
thfi
van
trong lfnh
VU'C
vdn
nghe,
chung
ta
c6 thii tin
(r
tiilng
ta,
khong
Sfl/10
thifiu giaU
Va
iJep
{.
..
}.
(Phgm Vdn DiJng)
QuanM
tlr
Trq tlr
Tinh
thai tlr
Thantlr
Thanh
phiin
chinh
ella
diu
Thanh
phiin
ph\l cua
diu
16
I VAO
UJP
10
Lit
nhilng tlr dung
dti
bi<lu
thi cac y nghia
quan
h~
nhu
sa
hfru,
so sanh, nhan qua ... gifra
cac bi)
ph~n
cua cau
hay
gifra ciic cilu
v&i
cau
trong
do~n
van.
Lit
nhfrng tir chuyen di kern
v&i
mi)t tir ngfr
trong cau db
nhfrn
m~nh
ho~c
bibu thi thid
di)
danh gia
sv
v(it,
sv
vi~c
duqc n6i dSn a m
ngfr d6.
La nhfrng
tcr
dLrqc
them
vito cilu de ciiu
t~o
diu
nghi
v<ln,
diu
c~u
khi@n,
diu
cam va
d6
bibu thi cac
sic
thai tinh cam cua
nguai
n6i.
Lit
nhilng m ngfr dung
d<'i
bi)c
li)
tinh cam,
cam
xuc cua
nguai
n6i
ho~c
dung
db
goi dap.
Lit nhfrng thilnh phiin
bit
bui)c phiti
c_6
m~t
de
diu
c6
diu
t~o
hoan
chlnh va dien
d~t
duqc
y
tr
0
n
v~n
(CN-
VN)
-
CM
ngfr (CN):
+ thuirng tn\ liri cho cau
hOi
Ai?
Con gi?
hoi;ic
Cai gi?
+ thuirng Ia danh
m,
d~i
m
ho~c
C\lm
danh
tlr. Trang nhfrng tnxirng hqp nhiit djnh, d(lng
tU,
tinh tir
ho~c
C\lm
di)ng tir,
C\lill
tinh tlr
cling
c6 thb lam
chU
ngfr.
-
Cau
c6
th<'i
c6 mi)t
ho~c
nhiilu
chU
ngfr.
-Vi
ngfr (VN):
+ thuirng trit
liri
cho cac ciiu
hOi
Lam
gi?
Lam
"
sao?,
Nhu
the nao?
La
gz?
+
!huang
Ia di)ng m
ho~c
C\liTI
di)ng tir, tinh
tlr
ho~c
C\lill
tinh tir, danh m
hoi;ic
Cl,lln
danh
!Lt.
trong
ciiu.
-
Tr~ng
ngi't: biilu thj y nghia
vil
mi;it
thiri
gian, dia diilm, nguyen nhiin,
ill\lC
dich,
phuong
ti~n,
each
thuc
...
diiln ra
sv
vi~c
neu
trong ciiu.
- Kh6·i ngfr:
Lit phiin
diu
dimg tnr6c
chli
ngfr
dil
neu len
dil
tai duqc n6i
dbn
trong
ciiu.
- Tru&c khai ngfr, thuimg c6
th<'i
them cac
quan M
tlr:
vib,
dbi v6i
...
Cua, nhu, vi ... nen
Chinh thdy hiiftu
trwmg
ila t(mg
toi quyiin
sach
nay.
At
"t
' oz.
Than
oil
Troi
ail
Chlmg baa ldu,
t6i
II ila
triY
thcmh
m(H
chang
dii
thanh nien cuimg
u·ang.
(To Hoai)
Chling
baa ldu. toi
ilii
triY
thanh
chang
dii
thanh
nien cu&ng trang.
(To Hoai)
-
Vfi
CGC
thfi
van
trong lfnh
VU'C
vdn
nghe,
chung
ta
c6 thii tin
(r
tiilng
ta,
khong
Sfl/10
thifiu giaU
Va
iJep
{.
..
}.
(Phgm Vdn DiJng)
Cac
thimh
phlin
bi~t
l~p.
Cau
d~c
bi~t
Cau rut
g<;>n
Cau
ghep
V
6·i
long mong nh6· cita anh, chiic
Thanh
ph:l.n
tinh thai: Thil
hi~n
each nhin cua anh
nghf
rling, con anh
se
chqy
xo
ngm'ri
n6i d6i
v&i
S\f
vi~c
duqc n6i dbn trong vao long anh,
se
om
ch(lt idy
c6
cau ( c6 le,
ch~c,
hinh nhu, ducmg nhu
...
) anh.
Thitnh phiin cam than: B(\c
I(\
tam
li
cua
nguiri
n6i (vui, bubn, mung,
gi~n)
(ili, chao
ili, qua, thay
...
)
Thanh phiin
g<;>i-
dap:
T~o
l~p
ho~c
duy tri
quan
h~
giao tibp (Nay, vang, thua ... )
(Nguyln
Quang Sang)
Q,
sao
rna
a(J
dy
vui
thi
(KimLdn)
Ai
ai
ch&
bo ru(Jng hoang
Baa
nhieu tdc adt, tdc vang
bdy
nhieu. j
Thanh phftn phv
chU:
B6
sung mi)t s6 chi tibt
B~;~n
dy
hiiu
idm toi, toi
nghf
vdy.
cho n(\i dung chinh cua
cil.u
.
.
Lit
lo~i
cau kh6ng
d.u
thilnh thea mil hinh
chU
ngi't - vi
ngi't.
Lit
cau mit
khi
n6i
ho~c
vibt c6 thb hrqc b6
mi)t s6 thitnh phftn cua ciiu
nh&m
thOng tin
nhanh,
tranh
l~p
l~i
tir
ngi't.
-
Lit
nhfrng ciiu do hai
ho~c
nhiSu cvm
C-
V
khilng bao chUa nhau
t~o
thitnh.
nen toi bubn !lim.
Mua.
Gi6.
Bam.
LU:a
-
Anh
a
in
v&i
ai?
-
M(Jt
minh!
- M6i cvm C
-V
m!y
duqc
g<;>i
himi)t
vi\
cau. -
Tr&i
baa nen toi
nghi
h
0
c.
+ N6i
b~ng
m(\t quan
h~
tir.
+ N6i
b~ng
m(\t
c~p
quan
h~
tt'r.
+ N6i
b~ng
ph6 tir,
d~i
tir.
-
Vi
anh Khoai
cham
chi
khoe
m~;~nh
nen phzl
ong
rdt
hai long.
+ Khilng
dimg
tir
n6i, dimg
<ffiu
phfty,
hai chfun
...
i----+---c---c--:.-----"".-c----'----c--=--c---'-__'_~--:-~+----
--------------1
Lit
chuy<ln
d6i cau
chU
d(\ng thilnh cau bi
di)ng
(vit
nguqc
l~i)
6 mih
do~n
van dSu
nh~m
lien kbt cac cau trong
do~n
thanh mi)t
m~ch
van th6ng
nh~t.
i - Cach
I:
Chuyiln tir (
cvm
tir) chi d6i tuqng
Chuyi\n
i cua
ho~t
di)ng len
d:l.u
cau
vit
them cac tir "bi/ Chu(Jt bt mea bfit
->
Mea blit
dbi cau I duqc" vito sau ( cvm tir)
~y.
chu(Jt.
J - Cach
2:
Chuyt\n tir (
C\lffi
tir) chi d6i ttrqng
: cua
ho~t
di)ng len
dftu
ciiu, dbng thai luqc b6 ;
j
ho~c
bii\n tir (c\lffi tir) chi chu
thil
cua
ho~t
:
I di)ng thanh mi)t
bi)
pMn
khilng
b~t
bu(\c I
j trong ciiu. I
--
Lit
ciiu c6 nhfrng tir
~gfr
cam than dung dill VDJ: "Nghilr,u'lin gio·sJng mat
Caucam
than
bi)c
li)
lr\fc tii\p cam xuc cua nguiri n6i
(nguai viSt):
xu~t
hi~n
trong ngi\n ngi't giao
titlp
vit
ngi\n ngi't van chuang.
win con cay" (B!ing
Vi!!t).
VD2:
Than
oil
Th&i
oanh li?t nay
cOn
tldu!
Cac
thimh
phlin
bi~t
l~p.
Cau
d~c
bi~t
Cau rut
g<;>n
Cau
ghep
V
6·i
long mong nh6· cita anh, chiic
Thanh
ph:l.n
tinh thai: Thil
hi~n
each nhin cua anh
nghf
rling, con anh
se
chqy
xo
ngm'ri
n6i d6i
v&i
S\f
vi~c
duqc n6i dbn trong vao long anh,
se
om
ch(lt idy
c6
cau ( c6 le,
ch~c,
hinh nhu, ducmg nhu
...
) anh.
Thitnh phiin cam than: B(\c
I(\
tam
li
cua
nguiri
n6i (vui, bubn, mung,
gi~n)
(ili, chao
ili, qua, thay
...
)
Thanh phiin
g<;>i-
dap:
T~o
l~p
ho~c
duy tri
quan
h~
giao tibp (Nay, vang, thua ... )
(Nguyln
Quang Sang)
Q,
sao
rna
a(J
dy
vui
thi
(KimLdn)
Ai
ai
ch&
bo ru(Jng hoang
Baa
nhieu tdc adt, tdc vang
bdy
nhieu. j
Thanh phftn phv
chU:
B6
sung mi)t s6 chi tibt
B~;~n
dy
hiiu
idm toi, toi
nghf
vdy.
cho n(\i dung chinh cua
cil.u
.
.
Lit
lo~i
cau kh6ng
d.u
thilnh thea mil hinh
chU
ngi't - vi
ngi't.
Lit
cau mit
khi
n6i
ho~c
vibt c6 thb hrqc b6
mi)t s6 thitnh phftn cua ciiu
nh&m
thOng tin
nhanh,
tranh
l~p
l~i
tir
ngi't.
-
Lit
nhfrng ciiu do hai
ho~c
nhiSu cvm
C-
V
khilng bao chUa nhau
t~o
thitnh.
nen toi bubn !lim.
Mua.
Gi6.
Bam.
LU:a
-
Anh
a
in
v&i
ai?
-
M(Jt
minh!
- M6i cvm C
-V
m!y
duqc
g<;>i
himi)t
vi\
cau. -
Tr&i
baa nen toi
nghi
h
0
c.
+ N6i
b~ng
m(\t quan
h~
tir.
+ N6i
b~ng
m(\t
c~p
quan
h~
tt'r.
+ N6i
b~ng
ph6 tir,
d~i
tir.
-
Vi
anh Khoai
cham
chi
khoe
m~;~nh
nen phzl
ong
rdt
hai long.
+ Khilng
dimg
tir
n6i, dimg
<ffiu
phfty,
hai chfun
...
i----+---c---c--:.-----"".-c----'----c--=--c---'-__'_~--:-~+----
--------------1
Lit
chuy<ln
d6i cau
chU
d(\ng thilnh cau bi
di)ng
(vit
nguqc
l~i)
6 mih
do~n
van dSu
nh~m
lien kbt cac cau trong
do~n
thanh mi)t
m~ch
van th6ng
nh~t.
i - Cach
I:
Chuyiln tir (
cvm
tir) chi d6i tuqng
Chuyi\n
i cua
ho~t
di)ng len
d:l.u
cau
vit
them cac tir "bi/ Chu(Jt bt mea bfit
->
Mea blit
dbi cau I duqc" vito sau ( cvm tir)
~y.
chu(Jt.
J - Cach
2:
Chuyt\n tir (
C\lffi
tir) chi d6i ttrqng
: cua
ho~t
di)ng len
dftu
ciiu, dbng thai luqc b6 ;
j
ho~c
bii\n tir (c\lffi tir) chi chu
thil
cua
ho~t
:
I di)ng thanh mi)t
bi)
pMn
khilng
b~t
bu(\c I
j trong ciiu. I
--
Lit
ciiu c6 nhfrng tir
~gfr
cam than dung dill VDJ: "Nghilr,u'lin gio·sJng mat
Caucam
than
bi)c
li)
lr\fc tii\p cam xuc cua nguiri n6i
(nguai viSt):
xu~t
hi~n
trong ngi\n ngi't giao
titlp
vit
ngi\n ngi't van chuang.
win con cay" (B!ing
Vi!!t).
VD2:
Than
oil
Th&i
oanh li?t nay
cOn
tldu!
CAP
TOC 789+ THI
VAO
UJP
10
Cau
nghi
vftn
La ca;' c6 nhilng tir nghi viln, nhilng tir
n6C[
- ,
cac
~e
c6 quan
h~
Iva
chQn.
Chuc nang chinh I
"S6m
mai
~ay
ba nh6m bep len
lit
de
hOi,
ngoiti ra con dung de khang djnh,
chua?"
(Bang
Vi?t)
hac bi\, de
do~...
i
' ,
--------1--
La cilu c6 nhilng tir cau khien hay ngil
di~u
I
Cau ciiu
khii\n
cku khiiln; dung
di\
ra
l~nh,
yeu cku,
dil
nghi,
Xin
t!itng
hut
thubc!
!
khuyen bito
...
-------+----------
Cau
phU
La cau c6 nhilng t\r
phU
djnh dung
di\
thong !
- Con kh8ng
vd
phep
att(YC
m? a!
dinh hao, phan hac
...
----''-----+-
Lien kilt
chU
dil:
C.ic
do~n
van phili phvc
V\1
cl;,;;-de
chung
~-;;;;,van
him,
-;;-,ic;-ci~-,
Lien kilt pMi phvc vv chu
dil
cua
do~n
van.
1 ni)i dung - Lien kilt logic: C.ic
do~n
van
vit
cac cau phiii
dm;rc
sfip
xilp
theo mi)t trinh
tv
_
I
_hqpli.
I
~-------l-;~ep
~;;
tir
:~~~~;~~;~-~-;au
~::~-~::;:;~;-~~-;~;:-~~u&c.----------j-1
I . _ , --Phep
-dilng
nghia, trai u'ghia
~~
lien tu6ng:
Su
d\lllg
~au-d(r,;g-~-;,;z~~!(;-;:;gr;·-----
-,
i Lien ket
d'
li
.. h- h - . .
]"
. . . . -
d-
. . - . '
I
~h':
-
P~~:
:;i\:~utr:~~~6~ii~(}~~~~!~E'~:n;fr
~fi~~\T~~f~'h:il~
::ciuc:oc
--j
i
~c~~--~"~:_"
_____________________________________________
_
Phep nlii: Su dvng 6 cau dung sau cac tir ngil bii\u thi quan
h~
v6i ciiu tru6c.
!H.
Ml;i!
so
va'n
de
khac
Don
vj
kien
Nqi
dung
Vi
dv
thuc
Trdu
Ia
mijt
loai gia
sue
nuoi b
Phuong
Khi giao liep,
din
n6i
c6
ni;>i
dung;
n9i
nha.
cham
ve
dung
cua
!Oi
n6i
phai
dung
v6i
yeu
diu
-
Cau
vi
ph<;~m
phuong
cham
ve
luqng
cua giao tiep.
khong
thua,
kh6ng
thieu.
luqng
vi
thua
thong
tin
(nuoi 6
nha)
Phuong
Trong
giao tiep, dU:ng n6i nhfrng
dieu
-An
aam,
n6i
aqt:
Vu
khong,
di;\t
cham
ve rna
minh
khong
tin
Ia
dling
hay
kh6ng
chat c6 b&ng
chung
xac thvc.
dif!u,
bia
chuy~n.
Phuong
Trong
giao tiep
din
n6i
dung
vao
de
tai
-
Ong
n6i
ga
ba
n6i
vif:
n6i
khong
cham
dung
de
tai
giao tiep,
m6i
quanh~
giao tiep,
tranh
n6i
l<;~c
de.
nguoi
n6i
m9t
neo.
Trang
111
CAP
TOC 789+ THI
VAO
UJP
10
Cau
nghi
vftn
La ca;' c6 nhilng tir nghi viln, nhilng tir
n6C[
- ,
cac
~e
c6 quan
h~
Iva
chQn.
Chuc nang chinh I
"S6m
mai
~ay
ba nh6m bep len
lit
de
hOi,
ngoiti ra con dung de khang djnh,
chua?"
(Bang
Vi?t)
hac bi\, de
do~...
i
' ,
--------1--
La cilu c6 nhilng tir cau khien hay ngil
di~u
I
Cau ciiu
khii\n
cku khiiln; dung
di\
ra
l~nh,
yeu cku,
dil
nghi,
Xin
t!itng
hut
thubc!
!
khuyen bito
...
-------+----------
Cau
phU
La cau c6 nhilng t\r
phU
djnh dung
di\
thong !
- Con kh8ng
vd
phep
att(YC
m? a!
dinh hao, phan hac
...
----''-----+-
Lien kilt
chU
dil:
C.ic
do~n
van phili phvc
V\1
cl;,;;-de
chung
~-;;;;,van
him,
-;;-,ic;-ci~-,
Lien kilt pMi phvc vv chu
dil
cua
do~n
van.
1 ni)i dung - Lien kilt logic: C.ic
do~n
van
vit
cac cau phiii
dm;rc
sfip
xilp
theo mi)t trinh
tv
_
I
_hqpli.
I
~-------l-;~ep
~;;
tir
:~~~~;~~;~-~-;au
~::~-~::;:;~;-~~-;~;:-~~u&c.----------j-1
I . _ , --Phep
-dilng
nghia, trai u'ghia
~~
lien tu6ng:
Su
d\lllg
~au-d(r,;g-~-;,;z~~!(;-;:;gr;·-----
-,
i Lien ket
d'
li
.. h- h - . .
]"
. . . . -
d-
. . - . '
I
~h':
-
P~~:
:;i\:~utr:~~~6~ii~(}~~~~!~E'~:n;fr
~fi~~\T~~f~'h:il~
::ciuc:oc
--j
i
~c~~--~"~:_"
_____________________________________________
_
Phep nlii: Su dvng 6 cau dung sau cac tir ngil bii\u thi quan
h~
v6i ciiu tru6c.
!H.
Ml;i!
so
va'n
de
khac
Don
vj
kien
Nqi
dung
Vi
dv
thuc
Trdu
Ia
mijt
loai gia
sue
nuoi b
Phuong
Khi giao liep,
din
n6i
c6
ni;>i
dung;
n9i
nha.
cham
ve
dung
cua
!Oi
n6i
phai
dung
v6i
yeu
diu
-
Cau
vi
ph<;~m
phuong
cham
ve
luqng
cua giao tiep.
khong
thua,
kh6ng
thieu.
luqng
vi
thua
thong
tin
(nuoi 6
nha)
Phuong
Trong
giao tiep, dU:ng n6i nhfrng
dieu
-An
aam,
n6i
aqt:
Vu
khong,
di;\t
cham
ve rna
minh
khong
tin
Ia
dling
hay
kh6ng
chat c6 b&ng
chung
xac thvc.
dif!u,
bia
chuy~n.
Phuong
Trong
giao tiep
din
n6i
dung
vao
de
tai
-
Ong
n6i
ga
ba
n6i
vif:
n6i
khong
cham
dung
de
tai
giao tiep,
m6i
quanh~
giao tiep,
tranh
n6i
l<;~c
de.
nguoi
n6i
m9t
neo.
Trang
111
i
Phuong
I
cham
Khi giao tiep
din
n6i
ng~n
g<;m,
rimh -
Day
ca
ra
day
muong:
N6i
nang
each
m<;~ch;
tranh each
n6i
mo
ho. did dong,
ruom
ra.
thuc
Phuong
Khi giao tiep can
chu
y
aen
Sl,f
te
nhi, - N6i
nhu:
dam
viw
tai:
N6i
nang
cham
lich
sv
khiem ton
va
to trQng
nguoi
khac.
kh6nghe
Nghia
La nghia
duqc
bieu
hi~n
tren be
m~t
- Mwjn
roi,
con
di
hgc
ail
ca.u
chfr,
nguoi
dQc/viet khong can
tuang
phiti
suy
luijin,
chi can doc be
m~t
cau
7 m"' thay
da
mu(\n
va
gi1,1c
minh
con dihQc
chfr Ia hieu
duoc
y
nghia
cua
diu
n6i.
-
Nam
di
hQc
mu(\n 10
phut.
Den
noi, co giao n6i:
"Dong
ho
cita
cd
lap
chung
ta
bi
nhanh
10
- La nghia khong
duqc
bieu
hi~n
tren phut.
H6a
ra
chUng
ta
di
hgc
sam
be
m~t
cau chfr rna
nguoi
dQc/
nguoi
10
phUt,
m8i
bgn
Nam
la
dung
giii'
Hamy
nghe phid
dt,ra
vao
hoan
cimh
de'
suy
th8i
cdc
em
qr
lu~n,
til
d6
m6i
hieu
duqc
y nghia cua
7
Y n6i
Nam
di
hQc
mu(\n so
c8un6i.
v6i
quy
dinh
chung
10
phut
va
ngam
y
nh~c
kheo
Ian
sau
N
am
rut
kinh
nghi~m
dedi
hQC
dung
gio.
- Diin trvc tiep, tUc Ia
nh~c
l').i
nguyen
Chang
ngi).c
nhien
g<;~n
hoi.
Dua
I
van
IO:i
n6i hay y
nghi
cua
nguoi
ho~c
con
nh6
n6i: "Tru6c
day,
thu:iJng
Cich
d~n
trvc
nhiin
v~t;
loi diin
trvc
tiep
duqc
d~t
c6
mtjt
ngu:ii'i
dan
8ng,
dem
nao
trong
dau
ngo~c
kep.
ciing
den,
m?
Ddn
di
ciing
ai,
m?
tiep
Ddn
ngoi
ciing
ngoi,
nlnmg
chdng
baa
giii'
bi"Ddn
ca."
- Diin ghm tiep,
tUc
Ia
thu~t
l').i
1/ri
n6i
M9t
Zan
den
thiim
Tru:ii'ng
Cao
Cach
hay y nghi cua
nguO:i
ho~c
nhiin
v~t,
c6
adng
MT
thuqt
C8ng
nghifri
Ha
diin gian
dieu
chinh cho thich hqp; loi
d~n
gian
Ntji,
Bac
HO
gr;ri
y nen
phdt
trie'n
tiep khong
d~t
trong
dil'u
ngo~c
kep.
ao
sU:
dan
ttjc.
Bac
n6i
ngu:ii'i
Vi('t
tier
thu:ang
dung
chen
chU:
kh8ng
dung
tach.
Trang
19
i
Phuong
I
cham
Khi giao tiep
din
n6i
ng~n
g<;m,
rimh -
Day
ca
ra
day
muong:
N6i
nang
each
m<;~ch;
tranh each
n6i
mo
ho. did dong,
ruom
ra.
thuc
Phuong
Khi giao tiep can
chu
y
aen
Sl,f
te
nhi, - N6i
nhu:
dam
viw
tai:
N6i
nang
cham
lich
sv
khiem ton
va
to trQng
nguoi
khac.
kh6nghe
Nghia
La nghia
duqc
bieu
hi~n
tren be
m~t
- Mwjn
roi,
con
di
hgc
ail
ca.u
chfr,
nguoi
dQc/viet khong can
tuang
phiti
suy
luijin,
chi can doc be
m~t
cau
7 m"' thay
da
mu(\n
va
gi1,1c
minh
con dihQc
chfr Ia hieu
duoc
y
nghia
cua
diu
n6i.
-
Nam
di
hQc
mu(\n 10
phut.
Den
noi, co giao n6i:
"Dong
ho
cita
cd
lap
chung
ta
bi
nhanh
10
- La nghia khong
duqc
bieu
hi~n
tren phut.
H6a
ra
chUng
ta
di
hgc
sam
be
m~t
cau chfr rna
nguoi
dQc/
nguoi
10
phUt,
m8i
bgn
Nam
la
dung
giii'
Hamy
nghe phid
dt,ra
vao
hoan
cimh
de'
suy
th8i
cdc
em
qr
lu~n,
til
d6
m6i
hieu
duqc
y nghia cua
7
Y n6i
Nam
di
hQc
mu(\n so
c8un6i.
v6i
quy
dinh
chung
10
phut
va
ngam
y
nh~c
kheo
Ian
sau
N
am
rut
kinh
nghi~m
dedi
hQC
dung
gio.
- Diin trvc tiep, tUc Ia
nh~c
l').i
nguyen
Chang
ngi).c
nhien
g<;~n
hoi.
Dua
I
van
IO:i
n6i hay y
nghi
cua
nguoi
ho~c
con
nh6
n6i: "Tru6c
day,
thu:iJng
Cich
d~n
trvc
nhiin
v~t;
loi diin
trvc
tiep
duqc
d~t
c6
mtjt
ngu:ii'i
dan
8ng,
dem
nao
trong
dau
ngo~c
kep.
ciing
den,
m?
Ddn
di
ciing
ai,
m?
tiep
Ddn
ngoi
ciing
ngoi,
nlnmg
chdng
baa
giii'
bi"Ddn
ca."
- Diin ghm tiep,
tUc
Ia
thu~t
l').i
1/ri
n6i
M9t
Zan
den
thiim
Tru:ii'ng
Cao
Cach
hay y nghi cua
nguO:i
ho~c
nhiin
v~t,
c6
adng
MT
thuqt
C8ng
nghifri
Ha
diin gian
dieu
chinh cho thich hqp; loi
d~n
gian
Ntji,
Bac
HO
gr;ri
y nen
phdt
trie'n
tiep khong
d~t
trong
dil'u
ngo~c
kep.
ao
sU:
dan
ttjc.
Bac
n6i
ngu:ii'i
Vi('t
tier
thu:ang
dung
chen
chU:
kh8ng
dung
tach.
Trang
19
roc
189+
THI
vAo UJP
10
CHlJ
DE
2.
NGHJ
LU~N
XA
BAI 1. GICli THI£;U
CHUNG
VE
KlEU BAI
NGHf
LU!N
XA
H(H
L die'm cua kie'u
bai
xa
-
Nghi
lu~
xa
h9i
c6 ph;;tm
vi
rat
r9ng
tU
bay
t6
thai
d9
tru6c
m9t
sl,l'
vi~c,
hi~n
tuQng
trong
dai
song
den
bim
lu~
ve
nhfrng
van
de
chinh
trj,
tu
tu6ng;
tu
nhfrng
bieu
hi~n
nh6
lien
quan
t6i
van
de
loi song, each
tmg
xu
den
nhfrng
van
de
16n
nhu
tu
tu6ng,
d;;to
due, triet
li
song.
-
Nghi
lu~
xa
h9i
thuirng c6 3 d;;tng biti chinh:
nghi
lu~
ve
m9t
tu
tu6ng
d;;to
li,
nghi
lu(ln ve
m9t
hi~n
tuQng
dai
song,
nghi
lu~
ve
mQt
van
de
xa
hQi
d"'t
ra
trong
tac
pham
vanhQC.
- Trong
nhfrng
nam
gan
day, cau h6i
nghi
lu~
xa h9i
yeu
diu
thi
sinh
v~
dt,mg kien
thuc
xa
hQi
va
doi
song
de
viet
m9t
do;;tn
van
nghi
lu~
ban
ve
m9t
van
de
xa
hQi (kh6ng
viet thilnh bai)
v6i
dung
luqng
gi6i
h;;tn:
khoang
200 chfr,
khoang
2/3
trang
giay
thi, ....
Cau
h6i
thu6ng
la:
Tie
n<Ji
dung
do~n
trich
6·
phan
Drc
hie'u.,
.,
anhl
chi
hiiy viet m9t
do~n
viin
khodng
200
chii:
ve.'.
Vi
dw
Cho
van
ban
sau:
"Nguiri
ta
k€'rling,
a5
m9t
may
pluit
di¢n
ca
l6n
cua
cong
ty
Pho
bi
hOng.
M9t
h{,ii
dOng
gam
nhif!u
leT
su
IY7P
3
tluing
llen
fim
khOng
ra
nguyen
nhfin.
NguOi
ta
phdi
m&i
den
chuyen
gia
Xten-met-xa.
Ong
xcm
xet
va
li:11n
cho
mtiy
ho~t
d<Jng
tr&
l~i.
Cong
ty
phdi
trd
cho
ong
10
000
diJ-la.
Nhzeu
ngze&i
cho
Xten-met-xa
la
tham,
biit
bi
dtlfiy
tif!n.
Nhung
trong
gifii;
bien
nlz4n,
Xtcn-met-xa
ghi:
"Tif!n
~ch
m9t
duong
th!ing
la
1
do-la.
Tif!n
tim
ra
ch!i
ae'vgch
dung
dui'mg
fiy
la
9
999
diJ-la",
Ri5
rangnguiri
a5
tri
thuc
thfim
lz4u
c6
thllam
durc
nhii:ng
vi?c
ma
nhif!u
nguiri
khdc
khdng
lam
n6i."
(Ngfr
van
9,
NXB
Giao
dvc
Vi~t
Nam,
2020)
Dl,l'a
vao
do;;tn trich
tren
ket
hqp
nhfrng hie'u biet xa
hQi,
hay
trlnh
bil.y
suy
nghi
cua
em
(khoimg 2/3
trang
giay thi)
ve
y kien: Phiti chang tri
thuc
lam
nen
gia tri
con
nguoi?
-
Muon
lam
tot
kieu
hili
nghi
lu(ln, nguiri viet
can
giai
quyet
tot
cac
yeu
diu
sau:
+
Xac
dinh
ro
n9i
dung
can
ngN
lu~n
va
ph;;tm vi
tu
li~u
can v~ dl,lllg.
+ Xac
dinh
kie'u biti
nghi
lu~
va
yeu
c'iiu
nghi
lu~:
giiti thich,
chung
minh,
pharr tich
hay
Ia
neu
suy
nghi,
trinh
bay
y
kien
...
+ L(lp
dan
y
cho
bili viet
Dl,l'a
viw
yeu
diu
da
xac
dinh,
nguoi
viet
huy
d9ng
von
tri thuc,
von
song
de
tim
va
!t,ra
chon
h~
thong
lu~
diem, lu(ln
cu
cho hili viet cua minh.
a.
min nghi
20
roc
189+
THI
vAo UJP
10
CHlJ
DE
2.
NGHJ
LU~N
XA
BAI 1. GICli THI£;U
CHUNG
VE
KlEU BAI
NGHf
LU!N
XA
H(H
L die'm cua kie'u
bai
xa
-
Nghi
lu~
xa
h9i
c6 ph;;tm
vi
rat
r9ng
tU
bay
t6
thai
d9
tru6c
m9t
sl,l'
vi~c,
hi~n
tuQng
trong
dai
song
den
bim
lu~
ve
nhfrng
van
de
chinh
trj,
tu
tu6ng;
tu
nhfrng
bieu
hi~n
nh6
lien
quan
t6i
van
de
loi song, each
tmg
xu
den
nhfrng
van
de
16n
nhu
tu
tu6ng,
d;;to
due, triet
li
song.
-
Nghi
lu~
xa
h9i
thuirng c6 3 d;;tng biti chinh:
nghi
lu~
ve
m9t
tu
tu6ng
d;;to
li,
nghi
lu(ln ve
m9t
hi~n
tuQng
dai
song,
nghi
lu~
ve
mQt
van
de
xa
hQi
d"'t
ra
trong
tac
pham
vanhQC.
- Trong
nhfrng
nam
gan
day, cau h6i
nghi
lu~
xa h9i
yeu
diu
thi
sinh
v~
dt,mg kien
thuc
xa
hQi
va
doi
song
de
viet
m9t
do;;tn
van
nghi
lu~
ban
ve
m9t
van
de
xa
hQi (kh6ng
viet thilnh bai)
v6i
dung
luqng
gi6i
h;;tn:
khoang
200 chfr,
khoang
2/3
trang
giay
thi, ....
Cau
h6i
thu6ng
la:
Tie
n<Ji
dung
do~n
trich
6·
phan
Drc
hie'u.,
.,
anhl
chi
hiiy viet m9t
do~n
viin
khodng
200
chii:
ve.'.
Vi
dw
Cho
van
ban
sau:
"Nguiri
ta
k€'rling,
a5
m9t
may
pluit
di¢n
ca
l6n
cua
cong
ty
Pho
bi
hOng.
M9t
h{,ii
dOng
gam
nhif!u
leT
su
IY7P
3
tluing
llen
fim
khOng
ra
nguyen
nhfin.
NguOi
ta
phdi
m&i
den
chuyen
gia
Xten-met-xa.
Ong
xcm
xet
va
li:11n
cho
mtiy
ho~t
d<Jng
tr&
l~i.
Cong
ty
phdi
trd
cho
ong
10
000
diJ-la.
Nhzeu
ngze&i
cho
Xten-met-xa
la
tham,
biit
bi
dtlfiy
tif!n.
Nhung
trong
gifii;
bien
nlz4n,
Xtcn-met-xa
ghi:
"Tif!n
~ch
m9t
duong
th!ing
la
1
do-la.
Tif!n
tim
ra
ch!i
ae'vgch
dung
dui'mg
fiy
la
9
999
diJ-la",
Ri5
rangnguiri
a5
tri
thuc
thfim
lz4u
c6
thllam
durc
nhii:ng
vi?c
ma
nhif!u
nguiri
khdc
khdng
lam
n6i."
(Ngfr
van
9,
NXB
Giao
dvc
Vi~t
Nam,
2020)
Dl,l'a
vao
do;;tn trich
tren
ket
hqp
nhfrng hie'u biet xa
hQi,
hay
trlnh
bil.y
suy
nghi
cua
em
(khoimg 2/3
trang
giay thi)
ve
y kien: Phiti chang tri
thuc
lam
nen
gia tri
con
nguoi?
-
Muon
lam
tot
kieu
hili
nghi
lu(ln, nguiri viet
can
giai
quyet
tot
cac
yeu
diu
sau:
+
Xac
dinh
ro
n9i
dung
can
ngN
lu~n
va
ph;;tm vi
tu
li~u
can v~ dl,lllg.
+ Xac
dinh
kie'u biti
nghi
lu~
va
yeu
c'iiu
nghi
lu~:
giiti thich,
chung
minh,
pharr tich
hay
Ia
neu
suy
nghi,
trinh
bay
y
kien
...
+ L(lp
dan
y
cho
bili viet
Dl,l'a
viw
yeu
diu
da
xac
dinh,
nguoi
viet
huy
d9ng
von
tri thuc,
von
song
de
tim
va
!t,ra
chon
h~
thong
lu~
diem, lu(ln
cu
cho hili viet cua minh.
a.
min nghi
20

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